History on the biological nitrogen fixation research in graminaceous plants: special emphasis on the Brazilian experience
History on the biological nitrogen fixation research in graminaceous plants: special emphasis on the Brazilian experience
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DOI：
10.1590/s0001-37652005000300014
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Baldani, Vera L.D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baldani, José I.;Baldani, Vera L.D.
本文综述了巴西禾本科植物生物固氮（BNF）的研究历史，并介绍了近40年来的研究进展，其中大部分研究由Johanna Dobereiner主持。在这一时期，一个显著的成就是发现了一些固氮细菌，如根际细菌（北热林氏菌和paspali固氮杆菌），伴生细菌（脂肪固氮螺旋菌，巴西固氮螺旋菌，亚马逊固氮螺旋菌）和内生细菌（seropedicae Herbaspirillum， H. rubrisubalbicans，重氮共生葡萄球菌，巴西伯克氏菌和热带固氮杆菌）。这些重氮营养体在禾本科植物（主要是谷类植物）中的作用已被研究，并在生态、生理、生化和遗传等方面取得了许多进展。植物组织的定植和侵染机制得到了更好的理解，并确定了BNF对土壤/植物系统的贡献。重氮营养菌的接种研究表明，内生细菌比伴生重氮营养菌具有更高的BNF贡献潜力。此外，还发现植物基因型影响植物/细菌的关联。最近的数据表明，应该对内生关联进行更多的研究，以增强BNF的潜力。正在进行的基因组测序项目：RIOGENE（重氮营养菌糖醋杆菌）和GENOPAR （seropedicae Herbaspirillum seropedicae）反映了巴西对BNF研究的承诺，并应使该国继续处于禾本科植物BNF过程相关研究的前沿。
This review covers the history on Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) in Graminaceous plants grown in Brazil, and describes research progress made over the last 40 years, most of which was coordinated by Johanna Dobereiner. One notable accomplishment during this period was the discovery of several nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as the rhizospheric (Beijerinckia fluminensis and Azotobacter paspali), associative (Azospirillum lipoferum, A. brasilense, A. amazonense) and the endophytic (Herbaspirillum seropedicae, H. rubrisubalbicans, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, Burkholderia brasilensis and B. tropica). The role of these diazotrophs in association with grasses, mainly with cereal plants, has been studied and a lot of progress has been achieved in the ecological, physiological, biochemical, and genetic aspects. The mechanisms of colonization and infection of the plant tissues are better understood, and the BNF contribution to the soil/plant system has been determined. Inoculation studies with diazotrophs showed that endophytic bacteria have a much higher BNF contribution potential than associative diazotrophs. In addition, it was found that the plant genotype influences the plant/bacteria association. Recent data suggest that more studies should be conducted on the endophytic association to strengthen the BNF potential. The ongoing genome sequencing programs: RIOGENE (Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus) and GENOPAR (Herbaspirillum seropedicae) reflect the commitment to the BNF study in Brazil and should allow the country to continue in the forefront of research related to the BNF process in Graminaceous plants.