Sports injuries and illnesses during the London Summer Olympic Games 2012
Sports injuries and illnesses during the London Summer Olympic Games 2012
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DOI：
10.1136/bjsports-2013-092380
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
18.4
通讯作者：
Renstrom, Per A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Engebretsen, Lars;Soligard, Torbjorn;Renstrom, Per A.
《奥林匹克运动医疗守则》鼓励所有利益攸关方确保在不危及运动员健康的情况下开展体育运动。对伤病的系统监测是制定体育预防措施的基础。目的分析2012年在伦敦举行的第30届奥运会期间发生的伤病。方法(1)通过所有国家奥委会（NOC）医疗队的报告，(2)通过伦敦奥组委（LOCOG）医务人员在综合诊所和医疗场所的报告，记录每天发生（或不发生）的损伤和疾病。结果来自204个国家奥委会的10568名运动员（女性4676人，男性5892人）参与了研究。据国家奥委会和伦敦奥组委医务人员报告，有1361人受伤，758人患病，相当于每1000名运动员中有128.8人受伤，71.7人患病。总共分别有11%和7%的运动员至少有一次受伤或生病。运动员受伤的风险在跆拳道、足球、小轮车、手球、山地车、田径、举重、曲棍球和羽毛球中最高，在射箭、独木舟激流回旋和短跑、场地自行车、赛艇、射击和马术中最低。35%的受伤预计会使运动员无法参加比赛或训练。女性患病人数比男性多60%（每1000名运动员中有86.0人患病对53.3人患病）。在田径、沙滩排球、足球、帆船、花样游泳和跆拳道项目中，发病率最高。共有310种疾病（41%）影响呼吸系统，最常见的疾病原因是感染（n=347, 46%）。结论至少有11%的运动员在比赛中受伤，7%的运动员在比赛中患病。各种运动中受伤和疾病的发生率差别很大。未来的举措应包括制定针对每项具体运动的预防措施，并继续关注体育机构建立和进一步发展科学的伤害和疾病监测系统。
Background The Olympic Movement Medical Code encourages all stakeholders to ensure that sport is practised without danger to the health of the athletes. Systematic surveillance of injuries and illnesses is the foundation for developing preventive measures in sport.Aim To analyse the injuries and illnesses that occurred during the Games of the XXX Olympiad, held in London in 2012.Methods We recorded the daily occurrence (or non-occurrence) of injuries and illnesses (1) through the reporting of all National Olympic Committee (NOC) medical teams and (2) in the polyclinic and medical venues by the London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games' (LOCOG) medical staff.Results In total, 10 568 athletes (4676 women and 5892 men) from 204 NOCs participated in the study. NOC and LOCOG medical staff reported 1361 injuries and 758 illnesses, equalling incidences of 128.8 injuries and 71.7 illnesses per 1000 athletes. Altogether, 11% and 7% of the athletes incurred at least one injury or illness, respectively. The risk of an athlete being injured was the highest in taekwondo, football, BMX, handball, mountain bike, athletics, weightlifting, hockey and badminton, and the lowest in archery, canoe slalom and sprint, track cycling, rowing, shooting and equestrian. 35% of the injuries were expected to prevent the athlete from participating during competition or training. Women suffered 60% more illnesses than men (86.0 vs 53.3 illnesses per 1000 athletes). The rate of illness was the highest in athletics, beach volleyball, football, sailing, synchronised swimming and taekwondo. A total of 310 illnesses (41%) affected the respiratory system and the most common cause of illness was infection (n=347, 46%).Conclusions At least 11% of the athletes incurred an injury during the games and 7% of the athletes' an illness. The incidence of injuries and illnesses varied substantially among sports. Future initiatives should include the development of preventive measures tailored for each specific sport and the continued focus among sport bodies to institute and further develop scientific injury and illness surveillance systems.