Physiology and pathophysiology of heme: Implications for kidney disease
Physiology and pathophysiology of heme: Implications for kidney disease
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DOI：
10.1681/asn.2006080894
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Nath, Karl A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tracz, Michal J.;Alam, Jawed;Nath, Karl A.
血红素是一种含铁的四吡咯环，是一系列全面影响细胞功能和代谢的蛋白质中的重要辅基;然而，由于其生物活性和促氧化作用，足够量的“游离”血红素可能对肾脏和其他器官造成损害。这篇综述讨论了血红素在健康和疾病中的细胞代谢，并涵盖了血红素的合成及其在血红素蛋白中的利用;血红素毒性的机制;以及病理生理过程，如肾血红素蛋白的掺入或细胞内血红素蛋白的不稳定，增加细胞内血红素水平并引起肾损伤的程度。主要的分解代谢过程，降解血红素，血红素加氧酶（HO）系统，进行了审查，HO-1对急性和慢性血红素/血红素蛋白诱导的肾损伤的保护作用的证据进行了总结。最后，目前的观点血红素诱导上调HO-1的分子基础进行了讨论。
An iron-containing, tetrapyrrole ring, heme is an essential prosthetic group in an array of proteins that comprehensively affect cellular function and metabolism; yet "free" heme in sufficient amounts can be damaging to the kidney and other organs because of its bioreactivity and pro-oxidant effects. This review discusses the cellular metabolism of heme in health and disease and covers such areas as the synthesis of heme and its utilization in heme proteins; mechanisms underlying the toxicity of heme; and the extent to which pathophysiologic processes, such as renal incorporation of heme proteins or destabilization of intracellular heme proteins, increase intracellular levels of heme and provoke renal injury. The main catabolic process that degrades heme, the heme oxygenase (HO) system, is reviewed, and evidence for the protective effects of HO-1 against acute and chronic heme/heme protein-induced renal injury is summarized. Finally, current views regarding the molecular basis for heme-induced upregulation of HO-1 are discussed.