Nation-building, nationalism, and $$\hbox {wars}^*$$
Nation-building, nationalism, and $$\hbox {wars}^*$$
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国家建设、民族主义和$$hbox {战争}^*$$
DOI：
10.1007/s10887-020-09182-7
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Alesina A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alesina A
本文探讨了战争如何使国家，超越了他们需要提高财政能力来资助战争。随着军队规模的增加，国家改变了战争的方式，从雇佣军转变为大规模征召军队。为了让人民接受战斗和忍受战争，政府精英提供公共产品，减少租金提取，并采取政策来建设一个国家-即人口的文化同质化。政府可以灌输“积极”的民族情绪，即强调民族利益，但他们也可以灌输“消极”的情绪，即对对手进行激进的宣传。我们分析了这两种类型的国家建设，并研究了它们的含义。
This paper explores how wars make nations, above and beyond their need to raise the fiscal capacity to finance warfare. As army size increases, states change the conduct of war, switching from mercenaries to mass conscript armies. In order for the population to accept fighting and enduring wars, the government elites provide public goods, reduce rent-extraction, and adopt policies to build a nation – i.e., homogenize the culture of the population. Governments can instill “positive” national sentiment, in the sense of emphasizing the benefit of the nation, but they also can instill “negative” sentiment, in terms of aggressive propaganda against the opponent. We analyze these two types of nation-building and study their implications.