Sport, Islam, and Muslims in Europe: in between or on the Margin?
Sport, Islam, and Muslims in Europe: in between or on the Margin?
复制标题
欧洲的体育、伊斯兰教和穆斯林：介于两者之间还是边缘？
DOI：
10.3390/rel4040644
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Amara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Amara
本文的目的是揭示如何误解，或使用的概念Arkoun，“意义的危机”，对伊斯兰教在欧洲的作用和地位的影响，对体育，伊斯兰教和移民的话语。法国被选为本文的案例研究，因为它是在这个国家的辩论宗教一般，特别是伊斯兰教似乎更有争议的穆斯林社区的世俗（法国共和）的价值观的整合问题。最近的紧张局势包括在公共场所禁止穿罩袍;法国前总统尼古拉斯·萨科齐煽动的关于民族认同的辩论，其中心是法国的伊斯兰教和穆斯林问题;讽刺杂志《查理周刊》刊登关于先知穆罕默德的挑衅性漫画;反对法国快餐连锁店Quick提供清真餐;以及对卡塔尔在法国贫困郊区投资计划的抵制，仅举几例。本文探讨的另一个与体育、伊斯兰教和欧洲穆斯林身份认同问题有关的背景是“反向移民”现象，即欧洲穆斯林背景的运动员或所谓的穆斯林新欧洲人与其（父母的）原籍国重新联系。本文认为，体育是另一个高度政治化的空间来判断穆斯林运动员在欧洲社会的“融合”水平，以及他们（父母）原籍国的“宗教信仰”程度。
The aim of this paper is to reveal how misconceptions—or using the concept of Arkoun, “the crisis of meanings”—about the role and position of Islam in Europe is impacting on the discourse on sport, Islam, and immigration. France is selected as a case study for this paper as it is in this country where the debate on religion in general and Islam in particular seem to be more contentious in relation to the questions of integration of Muslim communities to secular (French republican) values. Recent sources of tensions include the ban of the Burqa in the public space; the debate on national identity instigated by the former French president Nicholas Sarkozy, which became centred around the question of Islam and Muslims in France; the provocative cartoons about Prophet Mohamed in the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo; opposition against the provision of halal meal in France’s fast-food chain Quick; and resistance toward Qatar’s plan to invest in deprived suburbs of France, to name just a few. The other context which this paper examines in relation to the question of sport, Islam, and identity-making of Muslims in Europe is the phenomenon of “reverse migration” or the re-connection of athletes of Muslim background in Europe, or so-called Muslim neo-Europeans, with their (parents’) country of origin. The paper argues that sport is another highly politicised space to judge the level of “integration” of Muslim athletes in European societies, and the degree of “religiosity” in their (parents’) country of origin.