Plant nutrient contents of cattle manures from small-scale farms and experimental stations in the Ethiopian highlands
Plant nutrient contents of cattle manures from small-scale farms and experimental stations in the Ethiopian highlands
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DOI：
10.1016/s0167-8809(99)00113-9
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Haque, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lupwayi, NZ;Girma, M;Haque, I
在撒哈拉以南非洲的大多数小规模农场，由于农民负担不起无机肥料，收获的作物从农场带走了养分，造成养分净负平衡。可用于扭转这一趋势的一个关键资源是牲畜粪便。本文分析了埃塞俄比亚高原6个试验站和20个小型农场的粪便中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn的含量。平均每公斤肥料含钾21.3克、氮18.3克、钙16.3克、镁5.6克、磷4.5克、铁10776毫克、锰777毫克、锌92毫克、铜24毫克。从实验站的粪便中含有显着更多的N，P，K，Mg，Cu酸锌比粪便从小农农场，可能是由于饲料的可用性和质量的差异。新鲜的粪便和存储（干）粪便的养分浓度没有显着差异，虽然存储的粪便有略高的养分浓度，可能是碳损失后的浓度效应。马努;从Deneba地区的农场收集的粪便中P、K、Mg和Cu的含量显著高于Ginchi地区的粪便，但是，由于燃料木材的稀缺，Deneba的农民使用粪便作为燃料用于家庭烹饪和取暖，而不是将其施于土壤。如果要将粪肥施于土壤，可能有必要实施施肥方案或其他缓解家庭能源问题的方案。牲畜密集的埃塞俄比亚高地的粪肥量是否足以支持作物生产尚不清楚。在非洲其他地区进行的研究表明，虽然在某些田地里施用了足够的粪肥，但粪肥不足以支持更大规模的作物生产。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
In most small-scale farms in sub-Saharan Africa, net negative balances of nutrients result when nutrients are removed from the farm by harvested crops, because farmers cannot afford inorganic fertilizers. A key resource that could be useful in reversing this trend is manure from livestock. The N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn contents of manures collected from six experimental stations and twenty small-scale farms in the Ethiopian highlands were analysed. The manures contained, on average, 21.3 g K, 18.3 g N, 16.3 g Ca, 5.6 g Mg, 4.5 g P, 10776 mg Fe, 777 mg Mn, 92 mg Zn and 24 mg Cu per kg. Manures from experimental stations contained significantly more N, P, K, Mg, Cu acid Zn than the manures from smallholder farms, probably due to differences in feed availability and quality. Fresh manures and stored (dry) manures were not significantly different in nutrient concentrations although stored manures had slightly higher nutrient concentrations, probably as a concentration effect after loss of carbon. Manu;es collected from farms in Deneba area had significantly greater contents of P, K, Mg, and Cu than manures collected in Ginchi area, but, due to scarcity of fuel wood, farmers in Deneba use manures for fuel for domestic cooking and heating instead of applying it to the soil. Afforestation programmes, or other programmes that would ease the energy problem for domestic use, may be necessary if manures are to be applied to soils. Whether the amount of manure in the livestock-dense Ethiopian highlands is sufficient to support crop production is unknown. Research in other parts of Africa indicates that, although adequate manure may be applied to some fields, insufficient manure is available to support crop production at a wider scale. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.