Phenotypic plasticity in the mandibular morphology of Japanese macaques: captive?wild comparison
Phenotypic plasticity in the mandibular morphology of Japanese macaques: captive?wild comparison
复制标题
日本猕猴下颌形态的表型可塑性：圈养与野生比较
DOI：
10.1098/rsos.181382
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Ito Tsuyoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamaluddin Siti Norsyuhada;Tanaka Mikiko;Wakamori Hikaru;Nishimura Takeshi;Ito Tsuyoshi
尽管越来越多的证据表明，在多样化和适应的表型可塑性的重要性，很少有人知道灵长类头骨的塑料变化。本研究通过比较野生和圈养标本来评估日本猕猴下颌骨的可塑性变异。结果表明，圈养个体的方颌和齿列相对较长。我们还发现，这种形状的变化类似于两性异形，表明在一定程度上雄性化的圈养个体的下颌骨。与此相反，下颌骨形态没有明确的生态地理因素的解释。这些研究结果表明，在圈养的社会环境的扰动和雄激素的变化可能会影响下颌骨形状的发展。由于灵长类动物的社会属性具有高度的可塑性，社会环境可能会导致种群间和种群内头骨形态的多样性，即使在野外也是如此。然而，本研究中检测到的圈养-野生形态差异也可能是由其他未经检验的变异来源（例如群体间遗传变异）形成的，因此这一假设需要进一步验证。
Despite the accumulating evidence suggesting the importance of phenotypic plasticity in diversification and adaptation, little is known about plastic variation in primate skulls. The present study evaluated the plastic variation of the mandible in Japanese macaques by comparing wild and captive specimens. The results showed that captive individuals are square-jawed with relatively longer tooth rows than wild individuals. We also found that this shape change resembles the sexual dimorphism, indicating that the mandibles of captive individuals are to some extent masculinized. By contrast, the mandible morphology was not clearly explained by ecogeographical factors. These findings suggest the possibility that perturbations in the social environment in captivity and resulting changes of androgenic hormones may have influenced the development of mandible shape. As the high plasticity of social properties is well known in wild primates, social environment may cause the inter- and intra-population diversity of skull morphology, even in the wild. The captive–wild morphological difference detected in this study, however, can also be possibly formed by other untested sources of variation (e.g. inter-population genetic variation), and therefore this hypothesis should be validated further.