Warming and nitrogen addition increase litter decomposition in a temperate meadow ecosystem.
Warming and nitrogen addition increase litter decomposition in a temperate meadow ecosystem.
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变暖和氮添加增加了温带草甸生态系统中的凋落物分解
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0116013
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Guo J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong S;Guo R;Zhang T;Guo J
背景凋落物分解对土壤结构、养分含量和固碳有很大影响，但凋落物分解如何受到气候变化的影响尚不清楚。方法/主要发现2007年4月，在中国东北部的一个温带草甸草原，建立了一项增温和增氮(N)的田间试验，以考察实验增温、增氮及其交互作用对凋落物分解的影响。增温、增氮和增温加氮使羊草凋落物残留量在2008年和2009年分别下降了3.78%、7.51%和4.53%，2010年分别下降了4.73%、24.08%和16.1%。增温、增氮和增温加增氮在2008年和2009年对群落凋落物的分解没有影响，但在2010年使凋落物残留量分别减少了5.58%、15.53%和5.17%。增温和增施氮肥降低了羊草和毛白杨的纤维素率，特别是在2010年。增温降低了羊草和毛白杨的木质素含量，而施氮量提高了木质素含量。羊草和羊草凋落物的C、N、P含量随时间的延长而增加。增温和增施氮肥降低了羊草和羊草凋落物的C含量和C/N比，但增加了N和P的含量。增温和添加氮肥对凋落物分解有显著的交互作用(P<；0.01)。结论凋落物分解速率与土壤温度、土壤水分和凋落物质量密切相关。增温和增氮对松嫩草甸生态系统凋落物分解速率有显著影响，而增温和增氮对凋落物分解的影响也受凋落物质量的影响。这些结果突显了气候变化如何通过影响凋落物的分解来改变草地生态系统土壤中的碳、氮和磷含量。
Background Litter decomposition greatly influences soil structure, nutrient content and carbon sequestration, but how litter decomposition is affected by climate change is still not well understood. Methodology/Principal Findings A field experiment with increased temperature and nitrogen (N) addition was established in April 2007 to examine the effects of experimental warming, N addition and their interaction on litter decomposition in a temperate meadow steppe in northeastern China. Warming, N addition and warming plus N addition reduced the residual mass of L. chinensis litter by 3.78%, 7.51% and 4.53%, respectively, in 2008 and 2009, and by 4.73%, 24.08% and 16.1%, respectively, in 2010. Warming, N addition and warming plus N addition had no effect on the decomposition of P. communis litter in 2008 or 2009, but reduced the residual litter mass by 5.58%, 15.53% and 5.17%, respectively, in 2010. Warming and N addition reduced the cellulose percentage of L. chinensis and P. communis, specifically in 2010. The lignin percentage of L. chinensis and P. communis was reduced by warming but increased by N addition. The C, N and P contents of L. chinensis and P. communis litter increased with time. Warming and N addition reduced the C content and C:N ratios of L. chinensisand P. communis litter, but increased the N and P contents. Significant interactive effects of warming and N addition on litter decomposition were observed (P<0.01). Conclusion/Significance The litter decomposition rate was highly correlated with soil temperature, soil water content and litter quality. Warming and N addition significantly impacted the litter decomposition rate in the Songnen meadow ecosystem, and the effects of warming and N addition on litter decomposition were also influenced by the quality of litter. These results highlight how climate change could alter grassland ecosystem carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents in soil by influencing litter decomposition.
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