Intracellular proton-transfer mutants in a CLC Cl-/H+ exchanger.

Intracellular proton-transfer mutants in a CLC Cl-/H+ exchanger.
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CLC Cl-/H+ 交换器中的细胞内质子转移突变体。

DOI:
10.1085/jgp.200810112
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发表时间:
2009-02
期刊:
The Journal of general physiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Miller C
Miller C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lim HH;Miller C

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CLC-ec1是CLC家族转运蛋白亚类的细菌同源物,可催化Cl−和H+的跨膜交换。基于已知结构的突变分析揭示了H+与Cl−的化学计量反运动耦合所需的几个关键残基。E148 (Gluex)在细胞外水和蛋白质内部之间传递质子,E203 (Gluin)被认为在蛋白质的细胞内表面起类似的作用。任意残基的突变消除了H+输运,同时保留了Cl−输运。我们通过检查突变体在这个位置的结构和功能特性来测试胶合蛋白的作用。某些可解离侧链(E, D, H, K, R,但不包括C和Y)在不同程度上保留了H+/Cl -交换活性,而其他突变(V, I或C)消除了H+偶联并严重抑制了Cl -通量。被其他非质子化侧链(Q、S和A)取代的转运体显示出H+转运严重受损,Cl−转运大量。利用单半胱氨酸突变体引入非天然侧链,评估了侧链长度和酸度对H+转运的影响。偶联(E203H)和非偶联(E203V)突变体的晶体结构与野生型相似。研究结果支持了这样一种观点,即胶粘蛋白是一种内部质子转移残基,它将质子从细胞内溶液传递到蛋白质内部,在那里它们与Cl -运动偶联,产生Cl - /H+交换。
CLC-ec1, a bacterial homologue of the CLC family’s transporter subclass, catalyzes transmembrane exchange of Cl− and H+. Mutational analysis based on the known structure reveals several key residues required for coupling H+ to the stoichiometric countermovement of Cl−. E148 (Gluex) transfers protons between extracellular water and the protein interior, and E203 (Gluin) is thought to function analogously on the intracellular face of the protein. Mutation of either residue eliminates H+ transport while preserving Cl− transport. We tested the role of Gluin by examining structural and functional properties of mutants at this position. Certain dissociable side chains (E, D, H, K, R, but not C and Y) retain H+/Cl− exchanger activity to varying degrees, while other mutations (V, I, or C) abolish H+ coupling and severely inhibit Cl− flux. Transporters substituted with other nonprotonatable side chains (Q, S, and A) show highly impaired H+ transport with substantial Cl− transport. Influence on H+ transport of side chain length and acidity was assessed using a single-cysteine mutant to introduce non-natural side chains. Crystal structures of both coupled (E203H) and uncoupled (E203V) mutants are similar to wild type. The results support the idea that Gluin is the internal proton-transfer residue that delivers protons from intracellular solution to the protein interior, where they couple to Cl− movements to bring about Cl−/H+ exchange.
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