Governmental standard drink definitions and low-risk alcohol consumption guidelines in 37 countries
Governmental standard drink definitions and low-risk alcohol consumption guidelines in 37 countries
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DOI：
10.1111/add.13341
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Humphreys, Keith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalinowski, Agnieszka;Humphreys, Keith
背景和目的国际酒精研究和政策的挑战之一是不同国家的政府如何定义标准饮料和低风险饮料的可变性和缺乏知识。这项研究从37个国家的政府机构收集了这类信息。方法利用世界卫生组织（WHO）的信息和作者自己的判断，创建了一个可能有定义的75个国家的样本库。除了对每个国家的相关术语进行结构化的互联网搜索外，还努力与政府机构直接联系，并与该国的酒精专家进行磋商。结果75个国家政府中的大多数没有被确定为采用了标准的饮料定义。在如此鉴定的37个中，模态标准饮料大小为10 g纯乙醇，但变化范围很广（8-20 g）。低风险饮酒指南也存在显著差异，从女性每天10-42克，男性每天10-56克到女性每周98-140克，男性每周150-280克。结论研究人员的工作和沟通跨越国界，应该是敏感的“标准”饮料的定义和低风险饮酒指南的实质性变化。准则的潜在影响，无论是在一般情况下还是在具体的国家情况下，仍然是公共卫生研究的一个重要问题。
Background and Aims One of the challenges of international alcohol research and policy is the variability in and lack of knowledge of how governments in different nations define a standard drink and low-risk drinking. This study gathered such information from governmental agencies in 37 countries. Methods A pool of 75 countries that might have definitions was created using World Health Organization (WHO) information and the authors' own judgement. Structured internet searches of relevant terms for each country were supplemented by efforts to contact government agencies directly and to consult with alcohol experts in the country. Results Most of the 75 national governments examined were not identified as having adopted a standard drink definition. Among the 37 that were so identified, the modal standard drink size was 10 g pure ethanol, but variation was wide (8-20 g). Significant variability was also evident for low-risk drinking guidelines, ranging from 10-42 g per day for women and 10-56 g per day for men to 98-140 g per week for women and 150-280 g per week for men. Conclusions Researchers working and communicating across national boundaries should be sensitive to the substantial variability in 'standard' drink definitions and low-risk drinking guidelines. The potential impact of guidelines, both in general and in specific national cases, remains an important question for public health research.