Making accurate formant measurements : an empirical investigation of the influence of the measurement tool, analysis settings and speaker on formant measurements
Making accurate formant measurements : an empirical investigation of the influence of the measurement tool, analysis settings and speaker on formant measurements
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进行准确的共振峰测量：测量工具、分析设置和扬声器对共振峰测量影响的实证研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Philip Harrison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philip Harrison
本论文的目的是提供指导和信息，这将有助于法医语音科学家，和语音学家一般，在更准确的共振峰测量，使用常用的语音分析工具。语音测量是一个重要的语音特征，经常在法医案件中进行检查，并广泛应用于语音学领域的许多其他领域。然而，分析师目前使用的软件的性能尚未受到详细调查。本论文通过一系列的实验研究了分析工具、分析设置和说话人对共振峰测量的影响。
这三个因素的影响进行了评估，通过检查共振峰测量误差和他们的行为。这是使用合成和真实的语音完成的。合成语音是用已知的共振峰值生成的，因此可以精确地计算测量误差。为了研究不同扬声器对测量性能的影响，合成扬声器被创建为具有不同的第三共振峰结构和具有不同的声门源信号。这些扬声器的合成元音进行了分析，使用Praat的正常共振峰测量工具在一系列的LPC订单。
真实的语音来自TIMIT语料库中的186个说话者的子集。将这些扬声器的测量结果与一组手动校正的参考共振峰值进行比较，以确定四种测量工具在一系列分析参数和测量策略中的性能。
测量误差的分析探讨了分析工具，分析参数和扬声器之间的关系，并检查了如何在元音空间的错误变化。LPC的顺序被认为有最大的影响的幅度的错误和他们的整体行为是密切相关的基本测量过程中使用的工具。共振峰跟踪器的性能往往优于简单的Praat测量工具，并且允许LPC顺序在令牌之间变化，从而提高了所有工具的性能。性能被发现不同的扬声器，并为每个真实的扬声器，最好的性能时，获得的测量与LPC阶数的范围，而不是被限制为只有一个。
从结果中产生的最重要的指导是，分析师应该了解LPC分析的基础，并知道如何在他们使用的软件中应用它来获得共振峰测量。他们还应该了解LPC阶数和其他有关共振峰跟踪的分析参数的影响。这将使他们能够选择最合适的设置，避免进行不可靠的测量。
The aim of this thesis is to provide guidance and information that will assist forensic speech scientists, and phoneticians generally, in making more accurate formant measurements, using commonly available speech analysis tools. Formant measurements are an important speech feature that are often examined in forensic casework, and are used widely in many other areas within the field of phonetics. However, the performance of software currently used by analysts has not been subject to detailed investigation. This thesis reports on a series of experiments that examine the influence that the analysis tools, analysis settings and speakers have on formant measurements.
The influence of these three factors was assessed by examining formant measurement errors and their behaviour. This was done using both synthetic and real speech. The synthetic speech was generated with known formant values so that the measurement errors could be calculated precisely. To investigate the influence of different speakers on measurement performance, synthetic speakers were created with different third formant structures and with different glottal source signals. These speakers’ synthetic vowels were analysed using Praat’s normal formant measuring tool across a range of LPC orders.
The real speech was from a subset of 186 speakers from the TIMIT corpus. The measurements from these speakers were compared with a set of hand-corrected reference formant values to establish the performance of four measurement tools across a range of analysis parameters and measurement strategies.
The analysis of the measurement errors explored the relationships between the analysis tools, the analysis parameters and the speakers, and also examined how the errors varied over the vowel space. LPC order was found to have the greatest influence on the magnitude of the errors and their overall behaviour was closely associated with the underlying measurement process used by the tools. The performance of the formant trackers tended to be better than the simple Praat measuring tool, and allowing the LPC order to vary across tokens improved the performance for all tools. The performance was found to differ across speakers, and for each real speaker, the best performance was obtained when the measurements were made with a range of LPC orders, rather than being restricted to just one.
The most significant guidance that arises from the results is that analysts should have an understanding of the basis of LPC analysis and know how it is applied to obtain formant measurements in the software that they use. They should also understand the influence of LPC order and the other analysis parameters concerning formant tracking. This will enable them to select the most appropriate settings and avoid making unreliable measurements.
使用多维尺度评估感知的语音相似性以构建语音队列
影响因子：
0.4
作者：
McDougall K
通讯作者：
McDougall K
共振峰频率测量的准确性：光谱分析和线性预测的比较。
DOI：
10.1044/jshr.2601.89
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
Journal of speech and hearing research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Monsen,RB;Engebretson,AM
通讯作者：
Engebretson,AM
DOI：
10.1121/1.410392
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Qi,Y;Bi,N
通讯作者：
Bi,N