Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on improving performance of delayed- reinforcement attentional set-shifting tasks in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder rat model
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on improving performance of delayed- reinforcement attentional set-shifting tasks in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder rat model
复制标题
经颅直流电刺激对改善注意力缺陷/多动症大鼠模型延迟强化注意力转移任务表现的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114145
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
S. Liang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hsin;Chia;T. Hsieh;C. Peng;L. Chuang;Ying;Huang;Hsin;S. Liang
由前额皮质（PFC）调节的行为灵活性（或设定转移）在注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）患者中经常受损，其特征是抑制控制和强化学习能力差。经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）已被提出作为一种无创脑刺激手段和调节行为灵活性的潜在治疗工具。动物实验可以为了解tDCS的应用是否能潜在地有益于ADHD患者基于规则和目标的活动铺平道路。将自发性高血压大鼠（SHRs）和近交系Wistar-Kyoto大鼠（WKY）分别作为ADHD动物模型和对照组，评估它们在0-s或15-s强化传递延迟条件下的策略集转移能力，包括初始辨别、集转移和反转学习任务。在0-s延迟条件下，tDCS对SHRs和WKY大鼠在初始识别任务中的表现影响有限。在15秒延迟条件下，与WKY大鼠相比，SHRs大鼠在完成设定转移和反向学习任务时有更长的杠杆按压反应时间和/或更多的试验遗漏。在SHRs中，tDCS治疗改善了大鼠在集合转移和反向学习任务中的反应时间和/或减少了它们的试验遗漏。虽然tDCS可以改善SHRs的延迟强化学习集转移性能，但需要进一步的研究来阐明其机制。
Behavioral flexibility (or set-shifting), which is regulated by the prefrontal cortex (PFC), is often impaired in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is characterized by poor inhibitory control and reinforcement learning. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as a means of noninvasive brain stimulation and a potential therapeutic tool for modulating behavioral flexibility. Animal studies can pave the way to know if tDCS application can potentially benefit rule- and goal-based activities in ADHD. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and inbred Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as an animal model of ADHD and controls, respectively, and their strategy set-shifting abilities, including initial discrimination, set-shifting, and reversal learning tasks under 0-s or 15-s reinforcer delivery delay conditions, were evaluated. The tDCS treatment had a limited effect on the performance of the SHRs and WKY rats in initial discrimination task under 0-s delay condition. Under the 15-s delay condition, the SHRs had longer lever-press reaction times and/or more trial omissions than the WKY rats did when completing set-shifting and reversal-learning tasks. Among the SHRs, tDCS treatment improved the rats’ reaction times and/or reduced their trial omissions in the set-shifting and reversal-learning tasks. Although tDCS may improve delayed reinforcement learning set-shifting performance in SHRs, further studies are required to clarify the responsible mechanism.