Optimization of an artificial tick feeding assay for Dermacentor reticulatus
Optimization of an artificial tick feeding assay for Dermacentor reticulatus
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-017-2000-4
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发表时间：
2017-02-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Nijhof, Ard M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Krull, Christoph;Boehme, Bettina;Nijhof, Ard M.
背景资料：由于硬蜱复杂的摄食行为和长时间的血餐，标准化的体外饲养方法的发展受到阻碍。在这项研究中，我们的目的是优化几个参数，在体外饲养的成年Dermacentor reticulatus.Methods：蜱饲养在屠宰场收集的肝素化牛血，使用改良的硅胶膜喂养试验。不同血粉处理对蜱类摄食和繁殖力的影响（冷冻、辐照、添加抗生素）、环境条件（增加的CO2浓度）和诱食剂的使用（向血餐中添加2 g/l和4 g/l葡萄糖）进行系统评价。虽然真菌生长发生更频繁的喂养单位蜱饲养的血液，附着率，吸血雌蜱的饱食量和繁殖力与吸血雌蜱无显著差异。雌性D.与用庆大霉素处理的血液相比，当用γ-辐射的血液或未处理的血液喂养蜱时，观察到网状蜱。当蜱在5%CO2水平下饲养时，肿胀质量和繁殖力都增加。结果表明，D.结论：采用人工饲养方法饲养网斑潜蝇成虫是可行的。网纹蜱在所有参数中，只有5%CO_2水平下的人工饲养显著提高了雌虫的饱腹质量和繁殖力（P < 0.05）。网纹蜱与用未经处理或辐照的血液喂养的蜱相比，用抗生素补充血液导致显著更高的蜱繁殖力。
Background: The development of standardized in vitro feeding methods for ixodid ticks has been hampered by their complex feeding behaviour and the long duration of their blood meal. In this study, we aimed to optimize several parameters for the in vitro feeding of adult Dermacentor reticulatus.Methods: Ticks were fed on heparinized bovine blood collected at a slaughterhouse, using a modified silicone membrane feeding assay. Effects on tick feeding and fecundity of different blood meal treatments (freezing, irradiation, addition of antibiotics), ambient conditions (increased CO2 concentration) and phagostimulant use (addition of 2 g/l and 4 g/l glucose to the blood meal) were systematically evaluated.Results: Although fungal growth occurred more frequent in feeding units of ticks fed on defrosted blood, the attachment rate, engorgement mass and fecundity of females fed on defrosted blood did not significantly differ from that of ticks fed on fresh blood. A reduction in the fecundity of female D. reticulatus ticks was observed when ticks were fed with gamma-irradiated blood or untreated blood compared to blood treated with gentamycin. Both the engorgement mass and fecundity increased when ticks were fed at a 5% CO2 level. A non-significant increase in the engorgement mass and engorgement rate of D. reticulatus was observed when blood was supplemented with 4 g glucose per litre compared to 2 g/l.Conclusion: An artificial feeding method was adapted for the feeding of adult D. reticulatus ticks. Of all parameters tested, only the artificial feeding at 5% CO2 levels resulted in a significant increase ( P < 0.05) in the engorgement mass and fecundity of female D. reticulatus ticks. The supplementation of blood with antibiotics resulted in a significantly higher tick fecundity in comparison to ticks fed with untreated or irradiated blood.