The Role of Astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis.

The Role of Astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis.
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2018.00217
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Pitt D
Pitt D
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ponath G;Park C;Pitt D

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传统上认为星形胶质细胞在多发性硬化症(MS)病变发病机制中的作用是炎症消退后胶质瘢痕的形成。星形胶质细胞现在被认为是病变形成的早期和高度活跃的参与者,是外周免疫细胞进入中枢神经系统的关键。在此,我们回顾了星形胶质细胞在MS病变形成和演变中的作用,包括最近描述的星形胶质细胞的功能极化,讨论了星形胶质细胞激活的典型途径,并总结了MS治疗影响星形胶质细胞功能的机制。
The role traditionally assigned to astrocytes in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions has been the formation of the glial scar once inflammation has subsided. Astrocytes are now recognized to be early and highly active players during lesion formation and key for providing peripheral immune cells access to the central nervous system. Here, we review the role of astrocytes in the formation and evolution of MS lesions, including the recently described functional polarization of astrocytes, discuss prototypical pathways for astrocyte activation, and summarize mechanisms by which MS treatments affect astrocyte function.
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