Hydrothermal trace metal release and microbial metabolism in the northeastern Lau Basin of the South Pacific Ocean
Hydrothermal trace metal release and microbial metabolism in the northeastern Lau Basin of the South Pacific Ocean
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DOI：
10.5194/bg-18-5397-2021
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发表时间：
2021-10-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Saito, Mak A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Natalie R.;Noble, Abigail E.;Saito, Mak A.
具有生物活性的微量金属是海洋微生物的重要微量营养元素，具有生物氧化还原作用，其分布受复杂的生物地球化学过程控制。热液喷口可能是微生物的重要金属来源，特别是那些生活在低铁水域的微生物，如西南太平洋。先前对原始3He的测量表明，一个重要的热液源起源于东北（NE）劳盆地，羽流平流到1500-2000m深度的西南太平洋（Lupton et al., 2004）。研究与这种分散羽流相关的微量金属的远距离运输是罕见的，生物地球化学对当地微生物生理的影响尚未得到描述。在这里，我们量化了溶解金属，并评估了横跨热带和赤道太平洋的微生物超蛋白质组，重点关注热液活跃的东北Lau盆地，并报告了西南太平洋441公里范围内铁和锰浓度的升高。最强烈的信号在Mangatolo三重枢纽（MTJ）和东北Lau扩散中心（NELSC）附近检测到，靠近先前报道的3He信号。受远端羽流影响的海水中，蛋白质含量总体上与背景位置相似，但与远端羽流以外的深水相比，参与金属和有机吸收、蛋白质降解和化学自养的关键原核蛋白质含量丰富。我们的研究结果表明，来自东北劳盆地的微量金属经过相当远的距离被输送到西南太平洋，海底喷口系统释放的生物活性化学资源被周围的深海微生物利用，影响了它们的生理和对海洋生物地球化学循环的贡献。
Bioactive trace metals are critical micronutrients for marine microorganisms due to their role in mediating biological redox reactions, and complex biogeochemical processes control their distributions. Hydrothermal vents may represent an important source of metals to microorganisms, especially those inhabiting low-iron waters, such as in the southwest Pacific Ocean. Previous measurements of primordial 3He indicate a significant hydrothermal source originating in the northeastern (NE) Lau Basin, with the plume advecting into the southwest Pacific Ocean at 1500-2000m depth (Lupton et al., 2004). Studies investigating the long-range transport of trace metals associated with such dispersing plumes are rare, and the biogeochemical impacts on local microbial physiology have not yet been described. Here we quantified dissolved metals and assessed microbial metaproteomes across a transect spanning the tropical and equatorial Pacific with a focus on the hydrothermally active NE Lau Basin and report elevated iron and manganese concentrations across 441 km of the southwest Pacific. The most intense signal was detected near the Mangatolo Triple Junction (MTJ) and Northeast Lau Spreading Center (NELSC), in close proximity to the previously reported 3He signature. Protein content in distal-plume-influenced seawater, which was high in metals, was overall similar to background locations, though key prokaryotic proteins involved in metal and organic uptake, protein degradation, and chemoautotrophy were abundant compared to deep waters outside of the distal plume. Our results demonstrate that trace metals derived from the NE Lau Basin are transported over appreciable distances into the southwest Pacific Ocean and that bioactive chemical resources released from submarine vent systems are utilized by surrounding deep-sea microbes, influencing both their physiology and their contributions to ocean biogeochemical cycling.