Differences in Preventive Behaviors of COVID-19 between Urban and Rural Residents: Lessons Learned from A Cross-Sectional Study in China
Differences in Preventive Behaviors of COVID-19 between Urban and Rural Residents: Lessons Learned from A Cross-Sectional Study in China
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17082893
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Chen, Hongliang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Xuewei;Chen, Hongliang
尽管在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，洗手和戴口罩的行为被反复强调，但并非每个人都对此给予足够的重视。采用描述性统计方法，了解武汉市小学生手部卫生和戴口罩的状况。采用二分类Logistic回归分析影响洗手和戴口罩行为的危险因素。p < 0.05（双侧）为统计学显著性。42.05%的小学生表现出良好的洗手行为，51.60%的小学生表现出良好的戴口罩行为。性别、年级、外出史、父亲职业、母亲学历、填写问卷时间与手部卫生显著相关，而年级、母亲学历、居住地与戴口罩显著相关。小学生洗手和戴口罩行为受性别、年级、背阴情况等因素的影响，家长应加强行为引导，政府应加大媒体宣传力度。目的：探讨城乡居民预防COVID-19行为的差异及其影响因素。我们的在线调查包括来自中国31个省的1591名参与者，其中87%为城市居民，13%为农村居民。结果表明：与城市居民相比，农村居民更不愿意采取预防措施，更倾向于对预防措施的有效性持否定态度，更倾向于信息评估技能水平较低。我们发现，信息评价是一个重要因素，可能会通过态度、主观规范和意图导致COVID-19预防行为的城乡差异。我们发现，在行为意向、主观规范、预防行为知识以及人际/媒体资源使用的多样性方面，城乡没有差异。结论：随着第一波疫情席卷城市地区，目前媒体对COVID-19预防的报道可能无法完全满足农村人群的特定需求。因此，农村居民不太可能进行深思熟虑的信息评估过程，并采取适当的预防措施。定制健康信息以满足农村人口的独特需求，可以成为促进预防COVID-19健康行为的有效策略。
Although the emphasis on behaviors of hand-washing and mask-wearing was repeated during the pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), not everyone paid enough attention to this. A descriptive statistic was used to make sense of the status of hand hygiene and mask-wearing among primary school students in Wuhan, China. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors affecting the behaviors of hand-washing and mask-wearing. p < 0.05 (two-sides) was considered as significant at statistics. 42.05% of the primary school students showed a good behavior of hand-washing, while 51.60% had a good behavior of mask-wearing. Gender, grade, out-going history, father's occupation, mother's educational background, and the time filling out the survey were significantly associated with hand hygiene, whereas grade, mother's educational background, and residence were associated with mask-wearing. The behaviors of hand-washing and mask-wearing among primary school students were influenced by gender, grade, shady is back tell a friendand other factors, therefore, parents should make efforts of behavior guidance whereas governments should enlarge medium publicity.Purpose:The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in preventive behaviors of COVID-19 between urban and rural residents, as well as identify the factors that might contribute to such differences.Methods:Our online survey included 1591 participants from 31 provinces of China with 87% urban and 13% rural residents. We performed multiple linear regressions and path analysis to examine the relationship between rural status and behavioral intention, attitude, subjective norms, information appraisal, knowledge, variety of information source use, and preventive behaviors against COVID-19.Findings:Compared with urban residents, rural residents were less likely to perform preventive behaviors, more likely to hold a negative attitude toward the effectiveness of performing preventive behaviors, and more likely to have lower levels of information appraisal skills. We identified information appraisal as a significant factor that might contribute to the rural/urban differences in preventive behaviors against COVID-19 through attitude, subjective norms, and intention. We found no rural/urban differences in behavioral intention, subjective norms, knowledge about preventive behaviors, or the variety of interpersonal/media source use.Conclusions:As the first wave of the pandemic inundated urban areas, the current media coverage about COVID-19 prevention may not fully satisfy the specific needs of rural populations. Thus, rural residents were less likely to engage in a thoughtful process of information appraisal and adopt the appropriate preventive measures. Tailoring health messages to meet rural populations' unique needs can be an effective strategy to promote preventive health behaviors against COVID-19.