Effects of Increasing Child Restraint Use in Reducing Occupant Injuries Among Children Aged 0-5 Years in Japan
Effects of Increasing Child Restraint Use in Reducing Occupant Injuries Among Children Aged 0-5 Years in Japan
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DOI：
10.1080/15389588.2014.897698
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发表时间：
2015-01-02
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Nakajima, Yukari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nakahara, Shinji;Ichikawa, Masao;Nakajima, Yukari
目的：在日本，在2000年4月立法规定对0- 5岁儿童强制使用儿童约束装置之前，学龄前儿童使用儿童约束装置的情况开始增加。本研究旨在确定增加儿童约束装置的使用对减少0- 5岁儿童机动车乘员伤害的影响。方法：我们获得了1990 - 2009年儿童机动车乘员伤害的月度警察数据。我们计算了0- 5岁儿童与6- 9岁儿童的每月发病率比。使用联合点回归模型分析发病率比率的时间趋势，以确定儿童乘员伤害是否存在趋势变化，以及如果存在趋势变化，则何时发生。发病率比呈每月0.03%的小幅上升趋势（95%置信区间[CI]，-0.02%至0.09%），直至1997年12月的变化点（95% CI，1996年7月至1999年1月），然后变为每月-0.14%的下降趋势（95% CI，-0.16至-0.11），总体趋势变化为-0.17%（95% CI，-0.23至-0.11）。没有变点被确定在2000年4月或前后强制约束使用时，introduced.Conclusions：本研究使用的比较指标相对于年龄组，不包括由立法，并表明，乘员发病率下降的趋势0- 5 years的儿童开始之前，引入强制约束使用。这一变化可能反映了立法前儿童约束装置使用的自愿增加。
Objectives: In Japan, child restraint use among preschool children started to increase before compulsory child restraint use for children aged 0-5years was introduced by legislation in April 2000. This study determined the effects of increased child restraint use in reducing motor vehicle occupant injuries among children aged 0-5years.Methods: We obtained monthly police data of child vehicle occupant injuries from 1990 to 2009. We calculated monthly ratios of morbidity rates per population of children aged 0-5years to those of children aged 6-9years. Time trends of the morbidity rate ratios were analyzed using a joinpoint regression model to determine whether there were trend changes in child occupant injuries and when they occurred if there were trend changes.Results: The morbidity rate ratios showed a slightly increasing trend of 0.03% per month (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.02% to 0.09%) until the change-point in December 1997 (95% CI, July 1996 to January 1999), which then changed to a decreasing trend of -0.14% per month (95% CI, -0.16 to -0.11), with an overall trend change of -0.17% (95% CI, -0.23 to -0.11). No change-point was identified in or around April 2000 when compulsory restraint use was introduced.Conclusions: The present study used comparative indicators relative to age groups that were not covered by the legislation and showed that a decreasing trend of occupant morbidity among children aged 0-5years started before the introduction of compulsory restraint use. This change probably reflects the prelegislative voluntary increase in child restraint use.