Transmission of Human Infection with Nipah Virus
Transmission of Human Infection with Nipah Virus
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DOI：
10.1086/647951
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Hossain, M. Jahangir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luby, Stephen P.;Gurley, Emily S.;Hossain, M. Jahangir
尼帕病毒是一种副粘病毒，其宿主为狐蝠属果蝠。这种病毒偶尔会传入人群，引起以脑炎或呼吸道疾病为特征的严重疾病。第一次NiV疫情在马来西亚得到确认，但自2001年以来孟加拉国报告了8次疫情。在孟加拉国，蝙蝠向人传播的主要途径是：蝙蝠污染生椰枣汁液，随后被人食用；家畜（牛、猪和山羊）感染，可能是由于食用了被蝙蝠唾液或尿液污染的食物，随后传播给人。孟加拉国大约一半已确认的尼帕病例患者是在病毒的人际传播后发病的。预防传播的努力应侧重于减少蝙蝠接触椰枣汁和减少家庭成员和朋友接触受感染患者唾液。
Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus whose reservoir host is fruit bats of the genus Pteropus. Occasionally the virus is introduced into human populations and causes severe illness characterized by encephalitis or respiratory disease. The first outbreak of NiV was recognized in Malaysia, but 8 outbreaks have been reported from Bangladesh since 2001. The primary pathways of transmission from bats to people in Bangladesh are through contamination of raw date palm sap by bats with subsequent consumption by humans and through infection of domestic animals ( cattle, pigs, and goats), presumably from consumption of food contaminated with bat saliva or urine with subsequent transmission to people. Approximately one-half of recognized Nipah case patients in Bangladesh developed their disease following person-to-person transmission of the virus. Efforts to prevent transmission should focus on decreasing bat access to date palm sap and reducing family members' and friends' exposure to infected patients' saliva.