Audio steganography with AES for real-time covert voice over internet protocol communications
Audio steganography with AES for real-time covert voice over internet protocol communications
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DOI：
10.1007/s11432-014-5063-2
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发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shanyu Tang;Yijing Jiang;Liping Zhang;Zhangbing Zhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shanyu Tang;Yijing Jiang;Liping Zhang;Zhangbing Zhou
VoIP（Voice over Internet Protocol）通信作为Internet上一种流行的实时业务，越来越受到信息安全领域研究人员的关注。在本研究中，我们提出一个可变嵌入容量的VoIP隐写算法，结合AES与金钥分配，以实现实时的VoIP隐写通信。该隐蔽通信系统通过将对称密码AES-128加密的秘密消息嵌入到PCM编解码器编码的音频信号中来实现。在每个VoIP呼叫开始时，使用基于会话发起协议的身份验证方法将对称会话密钥（SK）分配给接收方。该方法将秘密消息加密后，采用不同的嵌入算法嵌入到语音包中，然后发送出去，以满足VoIP通信的实时性要求。对于每个音频包，根据所使用的特定嵌入算法计算嵌入容量。加密和嵌入的过程几乎是同步的。加密的时间成本很短，可以忽略不计。作为基于AES的隐写术的结果，观察者不能使用简单的统计分析来检测隐藏的消息。在接收端，采用相应的算法沿着SK从音频信号中提取原始秘密信息。最先进的网络设备的性能评估和使用Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon方法进行的安全测试表明，所提出的隐写算法是安全的，有效的，和强大的。
As a popular real-time service on the Internet, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) communication attracts more and more attention from the researchers in the information security field. In this study, we proposed a VoIP steganographic algorithm with variable embedding capacities, incorporating AES and key distribution, to realize a real-time covert VoIP communication. The covert communication system was implemented by embedding a secret message encrypted with symmetric cryptography AES-128 into audio signals encoded by PCM codec. At the beginning of each VoIP call, a symmetric session key (SK) was assigned to the receiver with a session initiation protocol-based authentication method. The secret message was encrypted and then embedded into audio packets with different embedding algorithms before sending them, so as to meet the realtime requirements of VoIP communications. For each audio packet, the embedding capacity was calculated according to the specific embedding algorithm used. The encryption and embedding processes were almost synchronized. The time cost of encryption was so short that it could be ignored. As a result of AES-based steganography, observers could not detect the hidden message using simple statistical analysis. At the receiving end, the corresponding algorithm along with the SK was employed to retrieve the original secret message from the audio signals. Performance evaluation with state-of-the-art network equipment and security tests conducted using the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon method indicated that the proposed steganographic algorithm is secure, effective, and robust.