Relict Endemism of Extant Rhineuridae (Amphisbaenia): Testing for Phylogenetic Niche Conservatism in the Fossil Record

Relict Endemism of Extant Rhineuridae (Amphisbaenia): Testing for Phylogenetic Niche Conservatism in the Fossil Record
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现存莱茵科(Amphisbaenia)的遗迹特有现象:化石记录中系统发育生态位保守性的测试

DOI:
10.1002/ar.22853
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
The Anatomical Record
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Müller J
Müller J
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hipsley CA;Müller J

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Rhineurid amphisbaenians在北美有丰富的新生代化石记录,但今天仅限于佛罗里达半岛。这种孑遗特有性可能是系统发育生态位保守性(PNC)的结果,即保留祖先的特征,防止扩展到新的环境中。PNC的大多数测试来自物种的现存生态系统的祖先生态位偏好,而忽略了宝贵的古生物学信息。为了测试PNC是否有助于限制现代Rhineura floridana的分布,我们比较了该物种目前的环境偏好(温度,降水和土壤)的rhineurid化石记录的古环境数据。我们没有发现PNC在现代的证据。佛罗里达州,因为它也发生在佛罗里达在干燥的冰川时期。古犀牛也表现出对气候变化的耐受性,在始新世-渐新世过渡期间经历了从亚热带湿润到半干旱稀树草原条件的转变。然而,在中新世中期之后,犀牛几乎从北美消失,这可能是由于中新世中期气候适宜期之后长时间的冰冻温度的开始。这种环境耐受性的生理限制可以解释为整个家族的PNC,但也是双鞭龙的大部分特征,强调了研究PNC的时间和系统发育规模的相关性。Anat Rec,297:473-481,2014.© 2014 Wiley Periodicals,Inc.
Rhineurid amphisbaenians are represented by a rich Cenozoic fossil record in North America, but today conisist of a single living species restricted to the Florida Peninsula. Such relict endemism may be the result of phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC), the retention of ancestral traits preventing expansion into new environments. Most tests of PNC derive ancestral niche preferences from species' extant ecologies, while ignoring valuable paleontological information. To test if PNC contributes to the restricted distribution of modernRhineura floridana, we compare the species' current environmental preferences (temperature, precipitation and soil) to paleoenvironmental data from the rhineurid fossil record. We find no evidence of PNC in modernR. floridana, as it also occurred in Florida during drier glacial periods. Ancient rhineurids also exhibit tolerance to changing climates, having undergone a shift from subtropical‐humid to semi‐arid savanna conditions during the Eocene‐Oligocene transition. However, rhineurids nearly disappear from North America after the middle Miocene, potentially due to the onset of prolonged freezing temperatures following the mid‐Miocene Climatic Optimum. This physiological limit of environmental tolerances could be interpreted as PNC for the entire family, but also characterizes much of Amphisbaenia, emphasizing the relevance of the temporal as well as phylogenetic scale at which PNC is investigated. Anat Rec, 297:473–481, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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