Gut Microbiome as a Mediator of Stress Resilience: A Reactive Scope Model Framework
Gut Microbiome as a Mediator of Stress Resilience: A Reactive Scope Model Framework
复制标题
肠道微生物组作为应激恢复的中介：反应范围模型框架
DOI：
10.1093/icb/icac030
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Vitousek, Maren N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houtz, Jennifer L.;Taff, Conor C.;Vitousek, Maren N.
压力恢复力被定义为在暴露于扰动后恢复到稳态的能力。生物体调节各种生理介质以应对其环境中不可预测的变化。肠道微生物组是生理介质的一个关键例子，它协调了无数的宿主功能，包括抵消压力。在这里，我们强调肠道微生物组作为反应范围模型框架中宿主应激恢复力的介导者。反应范围模型将生理介质与不可预测的环境变化相结合，以预测动物对压力源的反应。我们提供了肠道微生物组如何在反应范围模型的四个范围内响应应激源的例子（即，预测性内稳态、反应性内稳态、内稳态过载和内稳态失败）。我们确定了肠道微生物组的可测量指标，可用于推断宿主正在经历慢性应激的程度，包括微生物多样性，灵活性和基因丰富度。这篇透视文章的目的是强调测量肠道微生物组作为野生动物宿主压力恢复力的介导者的未充分利用的潜力。
Stress resilience is defined as the ability to rebound to a homeostatic state after exposure to a perturbation. Organisms modulate various physiological mediators to respond to unpredictable changes in their environment. The gut microbiome is a key example of a physiological mediator that coordinates a myriad of host functions including counteracting stressors. Here, we highlight the gut microbiome as a mediator of host stress resilience in the framework of the reactive scope model. The reactive scope model integrates physiological mediators with unpredictable environmental changes to predict how animals respond to stressors. We provide examples of how the gut microbiome responds to stressors within the four ranges of the reactive scope model (i.e., predictive homeostasis, reactive homeostasis, homeostatic overload, and homeostatic failure). We identify measurable metrics of the gut microbiome that could be used to infer the degree to which the host is experiencing chronic stress, including microbial diversity, flexibility, and gene richness. The goal of this perspective piece is to highlight the underutilized potential of measuring the gut microbiome as a mediator of stress resilience in wild animal hosts.