Cidofovir
Cidofovir
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DOI：
10.2165/00003495-199652020-00006
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发表时间：
1996-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.5
通讯作者：
Bryson, HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lea, AP;Bryson, HM
西多福韦是一种核苷酸类似物，可抑制病毒DNA聚合酶，对人类巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染有效。它被细胞酶磷酸化为活性形式。由于其代谢产物的细胞内半衰期较长，西多福韦可在诱导期每周给药一次，在维持治疗期每隔一周给药一次。迄今为止，西多福韦治疗的患者尚未发现病毒耐药性。但是已经在体外开发了。在艾滋病患者中，与延迟治疗相比，立即西多福韦治疗延迟了CMV视网膜炎的进展。西多福韦还延迟了先前治疗后复发的CMV视网膜炎的进展。为了避免肾毒性，丙磺舒和静脉盐水水合作用必须与每剂西多福韦一起施用。
Cidofovir is a nucleotide analogue which inhibits viral DNA polymerase and is effective against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.It is phosphorylated to its active form by cellular enzymes.With the long intracellular half-life of its metabolites, cidofovir can be administered weekly during induction and every other week during maintenance therapy.Viral resistance has not been documented in patients treated with cidofovir to date, but has developed in vitro.Immediate cidofovir therapy delayed progression of CMV retinitis compared with deferred treatment in patients with AIDS.Cidofovir also delayed the progression of CMV retinitis relapsing after previous treatment.To avoid nephrotoxicity, probenecid and intravenous saline hydration must be administered with each dose of cidofovir.