Molecular evolution of human visual pigment genes.
Molecular evolution of human visual pigment genes.
复制标题
人类视觉色素基因的分子进化。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040537
复制
发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Yokoyama,R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yokoyama,S;Yokoyama,R
通过比较已发表的 (a) 编码人类视觉色素（红色、绿色和蓝色）的基因与 (b) 编码人类、牛和果蝇视紫红质的基因的 DNA 序列，构建了哺乳动物色素基因的系统发育树。这个进化树表明，视觉颜色色素基因的共同祖先首先与视紫红质基因的共同祖先分开。然后红色和绿色色素基因的共同祖先与蓝色色素基因的祖先出现分歧；最后，红色和绿色色素基因最近出现了分歧。分子进化的中性理论可以最好地解释视紫红质基因中的核苷酸取代。然而，在人类色素基因的进化过程中，重要的功能适应似乎发生了两次：首先，在与视紫红质基因的祖先分歧后，成为三种色素基因的共同祖先；其次，在与绿色色素基因的祖先分歧后，成为红色色素基因的祖先。
By comparing the published DNA sequences for (a) the genes encoding the human visual color pigments (red, green, and blue) with (b) the genes encoding human, bovine, and Drosophila rhodopsins, a phylogenetic tree for the mammalian pigment genes has been constructed. This evolutionary tree shows that the common ancestor of the visual color pigment genes diverged first from that of the rhodopsin genes; then the common ancestor of the red and green pigment genes and the ancestor of the blue pigment gene diverged; and finally the red and green pigment genes diverged from each other much more recently. Nucleotide substitutions in the rhodopsin genes are best explained by the neutral theory of molecular evolution. However, important functional adaptations seem to have occurred twice during the evolution of the color pigment genes in humans: first, to the common ancestor of the three color pigment genes after its divergence from the ancestor of the rhodopsin gene and, second, to the ancestor of the red pigment gene after its divergence from that of the green pigment gene.