Trapline foraging by bumble bees: VI. Behavioral alterations under speed-accuracy trade-offs.
Trapline foraging by bumble bees: VI. Behavioral alterations under speed-accuracy trade-offs.
复制标题
熊蜂的陷阱觅食：VI。
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/ars152
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kazuharu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohashi;Kazuharu
在收集植物资源的动物中，经常观察到直线觅食（对一系列觅食地点的重复连续访问）。过去的实验表明，尽管大黄蜂在许多情况下具有经济优势，但它们并不总能发展出足够精确（即可重复）的牵引线。当植物或斑块呈之字形分布时，蜜蜂对短途飞行的偏好不利于形成准确的轨迹。蜜蜂在自然界应该如何应对这种情况呢？我们用人造花进行了实验室实验，以验证两个非排他性的假设：蜜蜂可能会更快地飞行以弥补低的轨迹准确性，当当地地标可用时，蜜蜂可能通过记忆外部空间信息来发展轨迹除了花的位置。正如预测的那样，在锯齿形花卉阵列上觅食的蜜蜂比在三角形格子上觅食的蜜蜂飞得更快，路线的可重复性更低，而三角形格子上的距离和角度可以独立选择，这表明蜜蜂在更可行的情况下会为了速度而牺牲准确性。相比之下，当路标被添加到两个阵列中时，蜜蜂的飞行速度更慢，轨迹精度不变，可能是因为路标造成了信息负荷或视觉分散。最后，在有额外地标的锯齿形阵列上的蜜蜂做出了更快的决定，从精确的陷阱切换到快速旅行。如果在我们的实验中，地标帮助蜜蜂掌握了整个阵列的几何形状，那么它们也可能允许蜜蜂在自然界中选择植物的分布或斑块，以帮助准确地定位。
Trapline foraging (repeated sequential visits to a series of feeding locations) has often been observed in animals collecting floral resources. Past experiments have shown that bumble bees cannot always develop accurate (i.e., repeatable) traplines to a sufficient level, despite their economic advantages in many situations. The bees' preference for short flights works against developing accurate traplines when plants or patches are distributed in zigzag fashion. How should bees cope with such situations in nature? We conducted laboratory experiments with artificial flowers to test 2 nonexclusive hypotheses: bees may travel faster to compensate for low traplining accuracy, and when local landmarks are available, bees may be able to develop traplines by remembering external spatial information in addition to the locations of flowers. As predicted, foragers on a zigzag-shaped floral array traveled faster, with lower route repeatability, than those on a triangular lattice where distance and angle could be chosen independently, suggesting that bees trade-off accuracy for speed when it is more feasible. In contrast, bees traveled more slowly with unchanged traplining accuracy when landmarks were added into both arrays, possibly because the landmarks caused information load or visual distraction. Finally, bees on the zigzag array with additional landmarks made a quicker decision to switch from accurate traplining to fast traveling. If landmarks helped the bees to grasp the overall array geometry in our experiments, they may also permit bees in nature to select a distribution of plants or patches that aids accurate traplining.