Sex differences in depression and anxiety disorders: Potential biological determinants
Sex differences in depression and anxiety disorders: Potential biological determinants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.06.031
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Altemus, Margaret
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Altemus, Margaret
女性情感障碍发病率较高的现象说明了将临床前模型转化为人类疾病的许多困难和希望。在抑郁症和焦虑症中已发现下丘脑-垂体肾上腺轴和交感肾上腺髓质系统的调节异常，并且这些疾病显然是由压力引发和加剧的。尽管抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率存在显着的性别差异，但在动物模型中确定应激反应反应性相应性别差异的尝试却取得了有限的成功。可能导致女性情感障碍发病率增加的过程是整个生命周期中生殖激素的更大流动，以及对儿茶酚胺增强情绪记忆巩固的敏感性增加。 (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
The phenomenon of higher rates of affective disorders in women illustrates many of the difficulties as well as promises of translating preclinical models to human disorders. Abnormalities in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis and the sympathoadrenomedullary system have been identified in depression and anxiety disorders, and these disorders are clearly precipitated and exacerbated by stress. Despite the striking sex difference in the prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders, attempts to identify corresponding sex differences in stress response reactivity in animal models have met with limited success. Processes which may contribute to increased rates of affective disorders in women are greater fluxes in reproductive hormones across the life span, and increased sensitivity to catecholamine augmentation of emotional memory consolidation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.