Brokers as Assemblers: Studying Development Through the Lens of Brokerage
Brokers as Assemblers: Studying Development Through the Lens of Brokerage
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经纪人作为装配工：通过经纪业的视角研究发展
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yves Van Leynseele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Koster;Yves Van Leynseele
长期以来，经纪人在人类学文献中一直是连接不同社会世界的人物。他们利用自己的特殊知识、技能和权威，弥合通常处于不利地位的民众与掌权者之间的差距。这一特刊建立在最近呼吁重新关注人类学分析中的经纪人的基础上，最值得注意的是与最近的新自由主义社会转型和治理转型有关（James 2011; Lindquist 2015）。它探讨了各种经纪人和经纪人在快速社会变革的背景下的维度。关注经纪人在不同行为者、地点和理由之间建立和维持个人联系的工作，可以深入了解发展进程，并为围绕新的社会类别和不断变化的政治关系建立理论奠定基础。对这一问题的贡献目前从南非，荷兰和印度尼西亚的经纪研究。虽然具体的环境从城市到农村，从自然保护倡议到青年发展计划，但所有文章都强调经纪人作为参与混合，翻译和再加工的中心人物的重要性。经纪人是两面人，他们的不同面孔被不同的行为者识别和处理，他们的表现符合不同的逻辑和理由。研究经纪人的代理实践揭示了复杂的社会环境，其中多种形式的权威共存，国家-公民关系日益问题化，政策信息相互矛盾。本书中所描述的中间人塑造了具有不平等权力关系和不同利益的行为者之间的互动。他们可以充当守门人、代表、联络人、巡回导游或协调员，而且往往是这些角色的组合（Stovel & Shaw 2012）。他们可能会利用政府留下的空白
Brokers have long featured in the anthropological literature as figures that connect disparate social worlds. Using their particular knowledge, skills and authority, they bridge gaps between populations, usually disadvantaged, and power-holders. This special issue builds on recent calls to revive the focus on brokers in anthropological analysis, most notably in relation to recent neo-liberal societal transformations and governance transitions (James 2011; Lindquist 2015). It explores the variety of brokers and dimensions of brokerage in settings characterised by rapid societal change. Focusing on brokers’ work of connecting and maintaining personal ties among and across different actors, sites and rationales provides insights into development processes and generates a foundation for building theory around new social categories and changing political relationships. The contributions to this issue present studies of brokerage from South Africa, the Netherlands and Indonesia. While the specific settings range from urban to rural locales and from nature conservation initiatives to youth development programmes, all of the articles emphasise the importance of brokers as central figures who engage in blending, translating and reworking. Brokers are Janus-faced figures whose distinct faces are recognised and addressed by different actors and whose performances align with different logics and rationales. Studying the agentive practices of brokers sheds light on complex societal settings, where multiple forms of authority co-exist, statecitizen relationships are increasingly problematised and policy messages are contradictory. The brokers described in this volume shape the interactions between actors who have unequal power relations and diverging interests. They may operate as gatekeepers, representatives, liaisons, itinerant guides or coordinators, and often as combinations of these (Stovel & Shaw 2012). They may take advantage of the void left by government