Diel variation in beaked whale diving behavior
Diel variation in beaked whale diving behavior
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-7692.2008.00211.x
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Barlow, Jay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baird, Robin W.;Webster, Daniel L.;Barlow, Jay
我们利用时间深度记录仪对6头Blainville (Mesoplodon densirostris)（255小时）和2头Cuvier (Ziphius cavirostris)（34小时）喙鲸的潜水行为进行了研究。在白天和晚上，Blainville的喙鲸以相似的速度进行深层觅食潜水（bb0 - 800米），并且在上升速率、下降速率、平均深度或最大深度或深度持续时间方面没有显著的昼夜差异。潜水到中水深（100-600米）在白天（平均= 1.59小时（-1））比在夜间（平均= 0.26小时（-1））发生的次数明显更多。一系列逐渐变浅的“弹跳”潜水只记录在白天进行的深而长的潜水之后；在夜间，鲸鱼花更多的时间在浅水（< 100米）深处。无论是白天还是晚上，在深度觅食潜水后，上升速度都明显慢于下降速度。在居维叶喙鲸身上也发现了类似的模式。我们的研究结果表明，所谓的“弹跳”潜水并没有生理功能，尽管缓慢的上升可能有。这种行为上的昼夜变化表明，喙鲸白天在水面上的时间可能会减少，以避开近水面的、以视觉为导向的捕食者，如大型鲨鱼或虎鲸（Orcinus orca）。
We investigate diel variation in beaked whale diving behavior using data from time-depth recorders deployed on six Blainville's (Mesoplodon densirostris) (255 h) and two Cuvier's (Ziphius cavirostris) (34 h) beaked whales. Deep foraging dives (> 800 m) occurred at similar rates during the day and night for Blainville's beaked whales, and there were no significant diel differences in ascent rates, descent rates, or mean or maximum depths or durations for deep dives. Dive to mid-water depths (100-600 m) occurred significantly more often during the day (mean = 1.59 h(-1)) than at night (mean = 0.26 h(-1)). Series of progressively shallower "bounce" dives were only documented to follow the deep, long dives made during the day; at night whales spent more time in shallow (< 100 m) depths. Significantly slower ascent rates than descent rates were found following deep foraging dives both during the day and night. Similar patterns were found for the Cuvier's beaked whales. Our results suggest that so-called "bounce" dives do not serve a physiological function, although the slow ascents may. This diel variation in behavior suggests that beaked whales may spend less time in surface waters during the day to avoid near-surface, visually oriented predators such as large sharks or killer whales (Orcinus orca).