Current Studies of Immunotherapy on Glioblastoma
Current Studies of Immunotherapy on Glioblastoma
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DOI：
10.19104/jnn.2014.104
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发表时间：
2014-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Neena S. Agrawal;Rickey Miller;R. Lal;Harshini Mahanti;Yaenette N. Dixon-Mah;Michele L Decandio;W. Alex;Vandergrift Iii;A. Varma;Sunil J. Patel;N. Banik;S. Lindhorst;P. Giglio;Arabinda Das;Ralph H Johnson
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文献类型：
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作者：
Neena S. Agrawal;Rickey Miller;R. Lal;Harshini Mahanti;Yaenette N. Dixon-Mah;Michele L Decandio;W. Alex;Vandergrift Iii;A. Varma;Sunil J. Patel;N. Banik;S. Lindhorst;P. Giglio;Arabinda Das;Ralph H Johnson
胶质母细胞瘤是一种发病率和死亡率都很高的脑肿瘤。尽管进行了几十年的研究，但目前临床上最好的治疗方法只能将生存期延长几个月。免疫疗法是治疗胶质母细胞瘤的一种很有前途的替代疗法。尽管癌症免疫疗法是在一个多世纪前提出的，但历史上一直难以将其转化为有效的临床治疗方法。需要更好地了解胶质母细胞瘤患者中的各种调节和共刺激因素，以便进行更有效的免疫治疗。从解剖学上讲，肿瘤微环境被血脑屏障和不规则的淋巴引流系统屏蔽，使其不受正常免疫监视，并且处于有效的免疫抑制环境中。免疫治疗有可能有效地操纵这些力量，以增强抗肿瘤免疫反应和临床效益。利用免疫系统的新疗法在靶向性和有效性方面显示出希望。这篇综述文章试图讨论目前胶质母细胞瘤治疗的实践，免疫治疗背后的理论，以及目前对各种临床试验的研究。
Glioblastoma is a form of brain tumor with a very high morbidity and mortality. Despite decades of research, the best treatments currently in clinical practice only extend survival by a number of months. A promising alternative to conventional treatment for glioblastomas is immunotherapy. Although proposed over a century ago, the field of cancer immunotherapy has historically struggled to translate it into effective clinical treatments. Better understanding is needed of the various regulatory and co-stimulatory factors in the glioblastoma patient for more efficient immunotherapy treatments. The tumor microenvironment is anatomically shielded from normal immune-surveillance by the blood-brain barrier, irregular lymphatic drainage system, and it’s in a potently immunosuppressive environment. Immunotherapy can potentially manipulate these forces effectively to enhance anti-tumor immune response and clinical benefit. New treatments utilizing the immune system show promise in terms of targeting and efficacy. This review article attempts to discuss current practices in glioblastoma treatment, the theory behind immunotherapy, and current research into various clinical trials.