Semi-classical states for the nonlinear Choquard equations: existence, multiplicity and concentration at a potential well
Semi-classical states for the nonlinear Choquard equations: existence, multiplicity and concentration at a potential well
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DOI：
10.4171/rmi/1105
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发表时间：
2017-08
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通讯作者：
S. Cingolani;Kazunaga Tanaka
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作者：
S. Cingolani;Kazunaga Tanaka
我们研究了非线性Choquard方程的半经典态的存在性和多重性：$$ -\varepsilon^2\Delta v+V(x)v = \frac{1}{\varepsilon^\alpha}(I_\alpha*F(v))f(v) \quad \hbox{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N, $$其中$N\geq 3$, $\alpha\in (0,N)$, $I_\alpha(x)={A_\alpha\over |x|^{N-\alpha}}$是Riesz势，$F\in C^1(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})$, $F'(s) = f(s)$和$\varepsilon>0$是一个小参数。我们发展了一种新的变分方法，并证明了一类解的存在性，如$\varepsilon\to 0$，在$F(s)$上的一般条件下集中到$V(x)$的局部极小值。我们的结果对于$f(s)=|s|^{p-2}s$也是新的，并且适用于$p\in (\frac{N+\alpha}{N}, \frac{N+\alpha}{N-2})$。特别地，我们给出了局部次线性情况$p\in (\frac{N+\alpha}{N}, 2)$的存在性结果，这对Moroz和Van Schaftingen最近的工作中出现的一个开放性问题给出了肯定的回答。我们还研究了正单峰解的多重性，并证明了集中在$K$为$\varepsilon\to 0$的至少$\hbox{cupl}(K)+1$解的存在性，其中$K\subset \Omega$是有界势井$\Omega$中$V(x)$的最小值集，即$m_0 \equiv \inf_{x\in \Omega} V(x) < \inf_{x\in \partial\Omega}V(x)$和$K=\{x\in\Omega;\, V(x)=m_0\}$。
We study existence and multiplicity of semi-classical states for the nonlinear Choquard equation: $$ -\varepsilon^2\Delta v+V(x)v = \frac{1}{\varepsilon^\alpha}(I_\alpha*F(v))f(v) \quad \hbox{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N, $$ where $N\geq 3$, $\alpha\in (0,N)$, $I_\alpha(x)={A_\alpha\over |x|^{N-\alpha}}$ is the Riesz potential, $F\in C^1(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})$, $F'(s) = f(s)$ and $\varepsilon>0$ is a small parameter. We develop a new variational approach and we show the existence of a family of solutions concentrating, as $\varepsilon\to 0$, to a local minima of $V(x)$ under general conditions on $F(s)$. Our result is new also for $f(s)=|s|^{p-2}s$ and applicable for $p\in (\frac{N+\alpha}{N}, \frac{N+\alpha}{N-2})$. Especially, we can give the existence result for locally sublinear case $p\in (\frac{N+\alpha}{N}, 2)$, which gives a positive answer to an open problem arisen in recent works of Moroz and Van Schaftingen. We also study the multiplicity of positive single-peak solutions and we show the existence of at least $\hbox{cupl}(K)+1$ solutions concentrating around $K$ as $\varepsilon\to 0$, where $K\subset \Omega$ is the set of minima of $V(x)$ in a bounded potential well $\Omega$, that is, $m_0 \equiv \inf_{x\in \Omega} V(x) < \inf_{x\in \partial\Omega}V(x)$ and $K=\{x\in\Omega;\, V(x)=m_0\}$.