Dandelions, tulips and orchids: evidence for the existence of low-sensitive, medium-sensitive and high-sensitive individuals
Dandelions, tulips and orchids: evidence for the existence of low-sensitive, medium-sensitive and high-sensitive individuals
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DOI：
10.1038/s41398-017-0090-6
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发表时间：
2018-01-22
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Pluess, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lionetti, Francesca;Aron, Arthur;Pluess, Michael
根据实证研究和最近的理论，人们对环境影响的反应或敏感性存在很大差异，有些人通常比其他人更受影响。更敏感的个体被描述为兰花，不太敏感的个体被描述为蒲公英。应用数据驱动的方法，我们探讨了存在的敏感性群体的样本中的906名成年人谁完成了高度敏感的人（HSP）规模。根据因素分析，HSP量表反映了一个双因素模型与一般敏感性因素。与流行的理论相反，潜在的阶级分析一直认为存在三个而不是两个群体。虽然我们能够识别出高敏感性（兰花，31%）和低敏感性组（蒲公英，29%），但我们还检测到第三组（40%）具有中等敏感性，我们将其称为郁金香，以符合花卉比喻。提供了所有三组的初步截止评分。为了验证不同的敏感性群体，我们调查了关于大五人格特质的群体差异，以及在额外的独立样本中实验评估的情绪反应。根据这些后续分析，三组不同的神经质，外向性和情绪反应积极情绪诱导与兰花得分显着较高的神经质和情绪反应和较低的外向性比其他两组（蒲公英也显着不同郁金香）。研究结果表明，环境敏感性是一个连续的和正态分布的特质，但人们分为三个不同的敏感群体沿着敏感连续体。
According to empirical studies and recent theories, people differ substantially in their reactivity or sensitivity to environmental influences with some being generally more affected than others. More sensitive individuals have been described as orchids and less-sensitive ones as dandelions. Applying a data-driven approach, we explored the existence of sensitivity groups in a sample of 906 adults who completed the highly sensitive person (HSP) scale. According to factor analyses, the HSP scale reflects a bifactor model with a general sensitivity factor. In contrast to prevailing theories, latent class analyses consistently suggested the existence of three rather than two groups. While we were able to identify a highly sensitive (orchids, 31%) and a low-sensitive group (dandelions, 29%), we also detected a third group (40%) characterised by medium sensitivity, which we refer to as tulips in keeping with the flower metaphor. Preliminary cut-off scores for all three groups are provided. In order to characterise the different sensitivity groups, we investigated group differences regarding the Big Five personality traits, as well as experimentally assessed emotional reactivity in an additional independent sample. According to these follow-up analyses, the three groups differed in neuroticism, extraversion and emotional reactivity to positive mood induction with orchids scoring significantly higher in neuroticism and emotional reactivity and lower in extraversion than the other two groups (dandelions also differed significantly from tulips). Findings suggest that environmental sensitivity is a continuous and normally distributed trait but that people fall into three distinct sensitive groups along a sensitivity continuum.