Niche dimensionality links biodiversity and invasibility of microbial communities
Niche dimensionality links biodiversity and invasibility of microbial communities
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02060.x
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Jousset, Alexandre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenhauer, Nico;Schulz, Wiebke;Jousset, Alexandre
生物多样性是推动群落入侵性的核心因素。多样化的社区更有效地利用资源，为入侵者留下更少的空闲利基空间。然而，生态位划分只有在复杂的资源环境中才是可能的，我们假设资源的丰富性驱动了生物多样性-入侵关系。在不同资源丰富度的微型宇宙中，由于不同的荧光假单胞菌利用这些资源的能力不同，我们测试了分类丰富度和功能相异度这两个生物多样性指数对荧光假单胞菌群落入侵能力的影响。入侵成功与群落多样性呈负相关，功能差异性比分类丰富度的意义更大。不同的生态位维度揭示了决定群落入侵性的不同机制：在低生态位维度，入侵性是由特定基因类型的存在(身份效应)驱动的，而不是由居民群落的生物多样性驱动的。在高生态位维度，功能差异增加了群落生产力，减少了入侵，很可能是通过互补效应。结果表明，功能不同的细菌菌株有效地利用了它们的环境，减少了入侵物种可用的资源。这些发现呼吁保护功能不同的分类群，以保证群落对入侵物种的抵抗，特别是在高生态位维度的环境中。
Biodiversity is a central factor driving community invasibility. Diverse communities exploit resources more efficiently, leaving less free niche space available to invaders. Niche partitioning, however, is only possible in complex resource environments, and we hypothesized that resource richness drives the biodiversityinvasibility relationship. We tested the effect of two biodiversity indices, taxonomic richness and functional dissimilarity, on the invasibility of Pseudomonas fluorescens communities in microcosms of varying resource richness, herein used as a proxy for niche dimensionality, because different P.fluorescens genotypes differed in their ability to use those resources. Invader success was negatively correlated with the diversity of the resident community, with functional dissimilarity being of greater significance than taxonomic richness. Varied niche dimensionality revealed different mechanisms determining community invasibility: at low niche dimensionality, invasibility was driven by the presence of particular genotypes (identity effect) rather than by the biodiversity of the resident community. At high niche dimensionality, functional dissimilarity increased community productivity and reduced invasion, most likely through complementarity effects. The results show that functionally dissimilar bacterial strains efficiently exploit their environment, reducing the resources available for invasive species. These findings call for the preservation of functionally dissimilar taxa to warrant resistance of communities against invasive species, in particular, in environments of high niche dimensionality.