Breastfeeding and IQ Growth from Toddlerhood through Adolescence
Breastfeeding and IQ Growth from Toddlerhood through Adolescence
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0138676
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发表时间：
2015-09-25
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Plomin, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
von Stumm, Sophie;Plomin, Robert
ObjectivesThe好处母乳喂养的认知发展继续激烈辩论，但尚未得到支持的确凿的实证evidence.MethodsWe在这里使用了一个潜在的增长曲线建模方法来测试母乳喂养与智商增长轨迹的关联，它允许区分在早期生活中的智商起点的方差在智商收益的方差，发生在童年到青春期。母乳喂养（是/否）被建模为三个智商潜在增长因素（即截距，斜率和二次项）的直接预测因子，并调整协变量的社会经济地位，母亲的出生年龄和妊娠期。数据来自双胞胎早期发展研究（TEDS），这是一项针对1996年至1994年出生于英国的双胞胎的前瞻性队列研究，他们在2岁至16岁期间接受了9次智商评估结果母乳喂养的女孩在2岁时的智商有小但显著的优势（β = 0.07，CI 95%从0.64至3.01; N = 3，035），但男孩中没有（β = 0.04，CI 95%从-0.14至2.41）。母乳喂养与女孩的其他智商增长因素无关（斜率：β = 0.02，CI 95%为-0.25至0.43;二次曲线：β = 0.01，CI 95%为-0.02至0.02）（斜率：β = 0.02，95%可信区间为-0.30至0.47;二次曲线：β =-0.01，95%可信区间为-0.01至0.01）。
ObjectivesThe benefits of breastfeeding for cognitive development continue to be hotly debated but are yet to be supported by conclusive empirical evidence.MethodsWe used here a latent growth curve modeling approach to test the association of breastfeeding with IQ growth trajectories, which allows differentiating the variance in the IQ starting point in early life from variance in IQ gains that occur later in childhood through adolescence. Breastfeeding (yes/no) was modeled as a direct predictor of three IQ latent growth factors (i.e. intercept, slope and quadratic term) and adjusted for the covariates socioeconomic status, mother's age at birth and gestational stage. Data came from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS), a prospective cohort study of twins born between 1996 and 1994 in the United Kingdom, who were assessed 9 times on IQ between age 2 and 16 years (N = 11,582).ResultsHaving been breastfed was associated with a small yet significant advantage in IQ at age 2 in girls (beta = .07, CI 95% from 0.64 to 3.01; N = 3,035) but not in boys (beta = .04, CI 95% from -0.14 to 2.41). Having been breastfeeding was neither associated with the other IQ growth factors in girls (slope: beta = .02, CI 95% from -0.25 to 0.43; quadratic: beta = .01, CI 95% from -0.02 to 0.02) nor in boys (slope: beta = .02, CI 95% from -0.30 to 0.47; quadratic: beta = -.01, CI 95% from -0.01 to 0.01).ConclusionsBreastfeeding has little benefit for early life intelligence and cognitive growth from toddlerhood through adolescence.