DynamIPs: analyzing address assignment practices in IPv4 and IPv6
DynamIPs: analyzing address assignment practices in IPv4 and IPv6
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DOI：
10.1145/3386367.3431314
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ramakrishna Padmanabhan;John P. Rula;P. Richter;Stephen D. Strowes;A. Dainotti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ramakrishna Padmanabhan;John P. Rula;P. Richter;Stephen D. Strowes;A. Dainotti
IP地址通常用于标识主机或主机的属性。然而，分配给主机的地址可能会发生变化，并且这些变化在时间和地址空间中发生的程度目前尚不清楚，特别是在IPv6中。在这项工作中，我们采取的第一步，了解IPv6地址分配在世界各地的各种网络的动态，以及它们如何与IPv4动态。我们使用从双堆栈网络中的3，000多个RIPE Atlas探测器收集的数据对动态进行了细粒度观察。这些网络中的RIPE Atlas探测器报告其IPv4和IPv6地址，使我们能够跟踪地址空间随时间的变化。为了证实和扩展我们的发现，我们还使用了一个包含327亿个IPv4和IPv6地址关联的数据集，该数据集由一个主要的CDN观察到。我们对这些数据集的时间动态的调查表明，IPv6分配的持续时间比IPv4分配的持续时间更长-通常保持稳定数月-从而允许对IPv6用户进行长期指纹识别的可能性。我们的空间动态分析揭示了IPv6地址分配模式，揭示了网络运营商在国内网络中使用的地址池的大小，并提供了委托给家庭网络的前缀的大小的初步结果。我们的观察可以使许多应用程序受益，包括主机信誉系统，主动探测方法和隐私保护机制。
IP addresses are commonly used to identify hosts or properties of hosts. The address assigned to a host may change, however, and the extent to which these changes occur in time as well as in the address space is currently unknown, especially in IPv6. In this work, we take a first step towards understanding the dynamics of IPv6 address assignments in various networks around the world and how they relate to IPv4 dynamics. We present fine-grained observations of dynamics using data collected from over 3,000 RIPE Atlas probes in dual-stack networks. RIPE Atlas probes in these networks report both their IPv4 and their IPv6 address, allowing us to track changes over time and in the address space. To corroborate and extend our findings, we also use a dataset containing 32.7 billion IPv4 and IPv6 address associations observed by a major CDN. Our investigation of temporal dynamics with these datasets shows that IPv6 assignments have longer durations than IPv4 assignments---often remaining stable for months---thereby allowing the possibility of long-term fingerprinting of IPv6 subscribers. Our analysis of spatial dynamics reveals IPv6 address-assignment patterns that shed light on the size of the address pools network operators use in domestic networks, and provides preliminary results on the size of the prefixes delegated to home networks. Our observations can benefit many applications, including host reputation systems, active probing methods, and mechanisms for privacy preservation.