Retrograde amnesia in patients with hippocampal, medial temporal, temporal lobe, or frontal pathology
Retrograde amnesia in patients with hippocampal, medial temporal, temporal lobe, or frontal pathology
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DOI：
10.1101/lm.265906
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kopelman, Michael D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bright, Peter;Buckman, Joseph;Kopelman, Michael D.
关于逆行性遗忘症（R.A.）的理论基础存在相当大的争议。在本文中，我们比较内侧颞，内侧加外侧颞，额叶病变患者的一个新的自传体记忆任务和措施的更多的语义方面的记忆（著名的面孔和新闻事件）。只有那些损伤范围超出内侧颞叶皮层到外侧颞叶区域的患者在自由回忆远程记忆任务中表现出严重的损伤，这在自传体记忆和语义记忆测试中都是如此。然而，在t检验分析，内侧颞叶组受损，在检索最近的自传体记忆。在内侧颞叶组中，那些在定量MRI上表现为海马和海马旁萎缩（H+）的患者在语义任务中的表现略差于那些仅限于海马萎缩（H-）的患者，但在自传体情景回忆中的得分非常相似。与区域MRI体积的相关性分析表明，侧颞部体积与所有三个逆行性遗忘测试的性能显着相关。研究结果进行了讨论，巩固，reconsoliclation，和多痕迹理论：我们认为，一个广泛分布的网络区域的基础检索过去的记忆，和横向颞损伤的程度似乎是至关重要的出现严重的远程记忆障碍。
There is considerable controversy concerning the theoretical basis of retrograde amnesia (R.A.). In the present paper, we compare medial temporal, medial Plus lateral temporal, and frontal lesion patients on a new autobiographical memory task and measures of the more semantic aspects of memory (famous faces and news events). Only those patients with damage extending beyond the medial temporal cortex into the lateral temporal regions showed severe impairment on free recall remote memory tasks, and this held for both the autobiographical and the more semantic memory tests. However, on t-test analysis, the medial temporal group was impaired in retrieving recent autobiographical memories. Within the medial temporal group, those patients who had combined hippocampal and parahippocampal atrophy (H+) on quantified MRI performed somewhat worse on the semantic tasks than those with atrophy confined to the hippocampi (H-), but scores were very similar on autobiographical episodic recall. Correlational analyses with regional MRI volumes showed that lateral temporal volume was correlated significantly with performance on all three retrograde amnesia tests. The findings are discussed in terms of consolidation, reconsoliclation, and multiple trace theory: We suggest that a widely distributed network of regions underlies the retrieval of past memories, and that the extent of lateral temporal damage appears to be critical to the emergence of a severe remote memory impairment.