Effects of prenatal alcohol and cocaine exposure on infant cortisol levels
Effects of prenatal alcohol and cocaine exposure on infant cortisol levels
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579499002011
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Chiodo, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jacobson, SW;Bihun, JT;Chiodo, LM
在产前暴露于酒精的成年大鼠中发现了应激引起的皮质酮水平升高，但关于产前酒精暴露对人类皮质醇反应的影响知之甚少。到目前为止，一项研究发现，快克/可卡因与脚跟刺痛后新生儿皮质醇水平下降有关。在本研究中，唾液样本是从83名出生前接触酒精、可卡因和其他违禁药物的13个月大的非洲裔美国婴儿的血液中抽取的。在许多婴儿中，抽血后皮质醇水平与基础水平没有差异，证实了最近的研究表明，在这个年龄段，肾上腺皮质对这种压力的反应是适应性的。母亲抑郁和牙齿的出现与皮质醇水平呈正相关。酒精暴露与基础水平升高有关，可卡因暴露与基础水平降低有关。正如动物实验结果所预测的那样，重度酒精暴露与应激后皮质醇水平升高有关。
Elevated corticosterone levels to stress have been found in adult rats exposed prenatally to alcohol, bur little is known about the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the cortisol response in humans. To date, one study has found that crack/cocaine was related to depressed newborn cortisol levels following a heel prick. In the present study saliva samples were obtained before and after a blood draw from 83 inner-city African American 13-month-old infants exposed prenatally to alcohol, cocaine, and other illicit drugs. Post-blood draw cortisol levels did not differ from basal levels in many of the infants, confirming recent studies indicating adaptation of the adrenocortical response to this type of stress at this age. Maternal depression and emergence of teeth were positively related to cortisol levels. Alcohol exposure was related to elevated basal levels, cocaine to lower basal levels. As predicted from animal findings, heavy alcohol exposure was related to elevated poststress cortisol levels.