Comprehensive community interventions to promote health: Implications for college-age drinking problems
Comprehensive community interventions to promote health: Implications for college-age drinking problems
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DOI：
10.15288/jsas.2002.s14.226
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Howland, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hingson, RW;Howland, J
Objective.本文综述了旨在降低（1）心血管疾病风险：（2）吸烟：（3）酒精使用障碍的综合性社区干预措施。与酒精有关的伤害和非法药物用途：或（4）可能导致HIV感染的性冒险。性传播疾病和怀孕。法综合社区方案通常涉及多个城市政府机构以及公民和组织，并使用多种干预战略，如学校和公共教育方案。媒体宣传。社区组织、环境政策变化和加强现有政策的执行。这篇评论集中在过去几十年发表的英文论文。结果如下：四个问题领域中的每一个都有一些项目实现了他们的行为和健康目标，最一致的好处是针对直接健康后果的行为，如酗酒或性冒险，当目标行为的后果在时间上更遥远时，如心血管风险和吸烟，结果不太一致。此外，针对青少年的计划，以防止他们开始新的危害健康的行为往往比旨在改变成年人先前存在的习惯的计划更成功。将环境和制度政策变化与基于理论的教育计划相结合的计划最有可能成功。最后，由社区自己根据当地条件制定的计划往往比从外部引进的计划更能改变行为。结论：综合性社区干预方法可能具有相当大的潜力，以减少大学年龄段的饮酒问题。特别是考虑到这些方案在减少与酒精有关的问题和在青年中提出损害健康的行为方面取得的成功。
Objective. This article reviews comprehensive community interventions that sought to reduce ( I) cardiovascular disease risks: (2) smoking: (3) alcohol use disorders. alcohol-related injury and illicit drug use: or (4) sexual risk taking that could lead to HIV infection. sexually transmitted disease and pregnancy. Method. Comprehensive community programs typically involve multiple city government agencies as well as private citizens and organizations and use multiple intervention strategies such as school-based and public education programs. media advocacy. community organizing, environmental policy changes and heightened enforcement of existing policies. This review focused on English-language papers published over the past several decades. Results: Some programs in each of the four problem areas achieved their behavioral and health goals, The most consistent benefits were found in programs targeting behaviors with immediate health consequences such as alcohol misuse or sexual risk taking, Results were less consist tent when consequences of targeted behaviors were more distant in time such as cardiovascular risks and smoking. Also, programs that targeted youth to prevent them from starting new health-compromising behaviors tended to be more successful than programs aimed at modifying preexisting habits among adults. Programs that combined environmental and institutional policy change with theory-based education programs were the most likely to c successful. Finally, programs tailored to local conditions by the Communities themselves tended to achieve more behavior change than programs imported from the outside. Conclusions, Comprehensive community intervention approaches may have considerable potential to reduce college-age drinking problems. especially given the success of these programs in reducing alcohol-related problems and in presenting health-compromising behaviors among youth.