The impact of acclimatization on thermophysiological strain for contrasting regional climates
The impact of acclimatization on thermophysiological strain for contrasting regional climates
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DOI：
10.1007/s00484-014-0813-9
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
C. Freitas;Elena A. Grigorieva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Freitas;Elena A. Grigorieva
在对热和冷的适应过程中，身体经历额外的热诱导的生理应变。第一个迹象出现在呼吸器官中，因为呼吸是一个连续的热交换过程，在这个过程中，身体与周围空气接触最密切。没有行为或其他调整来防止环境空气通过呼吸道进入身体的核心区域。适应性热应变指数（ATSI）描述了呼吸器官在达到完全适应之前的适应性热负荷（ATL）。这里的目的是进一步评估ATSI计划使用一系列实际的，但对比生物气候条件。为了模拟ATL，使用了由于移动到或从五个对比鲜明的气候的驯化的后果的场景。结果表明，适应寒冷比适应炎热带来更大的生理应变，最大的影响发生在从湿热气候条件到冷干气候条件的位置变化。该方法可用于评估由于在热浪和寒流期间遇到的天气条件下短期热变率增加而造成的风险。这些信息还可用于评估公共卫生服务需求和可用于帮助减轻影响的措施。
During acclimatization to heat and cold, the body experiences additional thermally induced physiological strain. The first signs show up in the respiratory organs because respiration is a continuous heat exchange process in which the body is in closest contact with the ambient air. There are no behavioral or other adjustments to prevent the ambient air from entering into the body’s core area through the respiratory tract. The Acclimatization Thermal Strain Index (ATSI) describes the acclimatization thermal loading (ATL) on respiratory organs until full adaptation is achieved. The aim here is to further assess the ATSI scheme using a range of actual but contrasting bioclimatic conditions. To simulate ATL, scenarios of the consequences of acclimatization due to movement to or from five contrasting climates are used. The results show that adjusting to cold comes with greater physiological strain than adjusting to heat, the biggest impact occurring for a change of location from hot-humid to cold-dry climatic conditions. The approach can be used to assess risks due to increases in short-term thermal variability in weather conditions such as encountered during heat waves and cold snaps. The information could also be useful for assessing the need for public health services and measures that might be used to help mitigate impacts.