Irrigation, productivity and poverty linkages in irrigation systems in Java, Indonesia
Irrigation, productivity and poverty linkages in irrigation systems in Java, Indonesia
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DOI：
10.1007/s11269-006-0079-z
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Suparmi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hussain, Intizar;Wijerathna, Deeptha;Suparmi
本文分析了灌溉与贫困的联系，并确定灌溉如何以及在多大程度上有助于扶贫，以及灌溉系统中是否存在贫困的空间模式。它还确定了灌溉产生更大的扶贫影响的条件。该分析是基于2000- 2001农业年度期间收集的主要数据，从四个选定的灌溉系统和爪哇地区。结果表明，灌溉具有显著的减贫作用。贫困因灌溉系统和系统内不同地点而异。总体而言，与头部和尾部相比，系统中部的作物生产力相对较高，贫困率较低。此外，在水分配和生产力差异方面的地点不平等也很高的较大系统中，贫穷的地点差异更为明显。除了家庭规模等人口因素外，作物生产力、土地拥有量和家庭所在地也是贫穷的重要决定因素。灌溉系统规模越小，基础设施管理越好，水资源分配相对公平，种植模式多样化，并得到市场基础设施的支持，灌溉的减贫作用就越大。总的来说，研究结果表明，通过提高土地和水的生产力，多样化种植模式和改善各地的水分配来改善灌溉系统的性能，将有助于减少系统中目前低生产力-高贫困部分的贫困。
This paper analyzes irrigation-poverty linkages, and determines how and to what extent irrigation contributes to poverty alleviation, and whether there are any spatial patterns in poverty in irrigation systems. It also identifies conditions under which irrigation has greater anti-poverty impacts. The analysis is based on primary data collected during the 2000--2001 agricultural year, from four selected irrigation systems and rainfed areas in Java. The results indicate that irrigation has significant poverty reducing impacts. Poverty varies across irrigation systems and across locations within the systems. In general, crop productivity is relatively higher and poverty is lower in middle parts of the systems compared to head and tail parts. Further, locational differences in poverty are more pronounced in larger systems where locational inequities in water distribution and productivity differences are also high. Crop productivity, the size of landholdings and location of households are important determinants of poverty, in addition to demographic factors such as family size. The smaller the systems with well managed infrastructure, relatively equitable water distribution and diversified cropping patterns supported with market infrastructure, the greater the poverty reducing impacts of irrigation. Overall, the study findings suggest that improving the performance of irrigation systems by enhancing land and water productivity, diversifying cropping patterns and improving water distribution across locations would help reduce poverty in presently low productivity-high poverty parts of the systems.