Radiation risk to children from computed tomography
Radiation risk to children from computed tomography
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2007-1910
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Brent, Robert L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brody, Alan S.;Frush, Donald P.;Brent, Robert L.
使用电离辐射的成像研究是评估许多儿童疾病的重要工具。电离辐射用于X线摄影、荧光透视、血管造影和计算机断层扫描。计算机断层扫描由于其相对高的辐射剂量和广泛的使用而特别令人感兴趣。关于辐射风险的共识声明表明，根据低水平辐射致癌风险较小的假设采取行动是合理的。医学界应寻求减少辐射照射的方法，使用尽可能低的合理辐射剂量，并仅在必要时进行这些研究。人们普遍认为，适用的计算机断层扫描的受益远远超过风险。儿科医疗保健专业人员在儿童计算机断层扫描中的作用包括决定何时需要计算机断层扫描，并与患者和家属讨论风险。放射科医生在制定成像策略时应该是咨询的来源，并且应该使用针对儿科患者优化的扫描技术创建特定的协议。应鼓励家属和患者询问有关计算机断层扫描的风险和益处的问题。本报告中的信息旨在帮助决策以及与医疗团队、患者和家属的讨论。
Imaging studies that use ionizing radiation are an essential tool for the evaluation of many disorders of childhood. Ionizing radiation is used in radiography, fluoroscopy, angiography, and computed tomography scanning. Computed tomography is of particular interest because of its relatively high radiation dose and wide use. Consensus statements on radiation risk suggest that it is reasonable to act on the assumption that low-level radiation may have a small risk of causing cancer. The medical community should seek ways to decrease radiation exposure by using radiation doses as low as reasonably achievable and by performing these studies only when necessary. There is wide agreement that the benefits of an indicated computed tomography scan far outweigh the risks. Pediatric health care professionals' roles in the use of computed tomography on children include deciding when a computed tomography scan is necessary and discussing the risk with patients and families. Radiologists should be a source of consultation when forming imaging strategies and should create specific protocols with scanning techniques optimized for pediatric patients. Families and patients should be encouraged to ask questions about the risks and benefits of computed tomography scanning. The information in this report is provided to aid in decision-making and discussions with the health care team, patients, and families.