3-D Analog Modeling of Inversion Thrust Structures
3-D Analog Modeling of Inversion Thrust Structures
复制标题
逆推力结构的 3D 模拟建模
DOI：
10.1306/m82813c16
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. McClay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yasuhiro Yamada;K. McClay
利用三维沙盒模拟下盘块体上盘变形，采用凹形和凸形两种几何形式，对三维逆冲构造的几何形状和运动学演化进行了建模。在三维凹盘状分离体上的伸展产生了典型的翻转背斜和峰塌地堑系统，它们平行于分离分离体的沿走向、正弦或尖角平面几何形状。水平收缩的三维反演产生了不对称、逆冲断层为界的上盘反演背斜，其轴向轨迹弯曲，也遵循伸展断裂的平面形态。在反转期间，主要分离体被重新激活，新的陡峭的冲断段从分离体分离处向上传播。浅至中等倾斜的上覆壁逆冲也从峰塌地堑体系向外传播。斜周逆温背斜在主拆离面最凹段上方表现出两次突发性高潮。在一个三维隆起的盘状滑脱面上的延伸形成了一个上壁式向斜和一个狭窄、复杂的峰缩地堑体系。平面上看，上盘向斜轴线与峰缩地堑轴线平行于正弦滑脱断裂形成。该系统的反转产生了一个广泛的逆冲断层为界的背斜，显示出沿走向的俯冲高潮。主拆离面恢复活动，一次适度倾斜的逆冲作用沿同逆地层向上传播。分段的上壁式后逆冲构造与主分离构造接近平行。利用完成的模型的垂直剖面和水平剖面构建了这些逆温系统的三维天气模型。模拟实验的结果与已发表的北海、印度尼西亚和阿根廷含油气盆地的三维反演结构进行了比较。
The geometries and kinematic evolution of 3-D inversion thrust structures have been modeled using 3-D sandbox analogs of hanging-wall deformation above footwall blocks with both concave-up and convex-up listric geometries. Extension over 3-D concave-up listric detachments produced characteristic rollover anticlines and crestal-collapse graben systems that parallel the along-strike, sinusoidal or cuspate plan geometries of the detachment breakaways. Three-dimensional inversion by horizontal contraction produced asymmetric, thrust-fault-bounded, hanging-wall inversion anticlines with curved axial traces that also follow the plan-view shape of the extensional breakaways. The main detachments were reactivated during the inversion, and new, steep thrust segments propagated upward from the detachment breakaways. Shallow to moderately dipping hanging-wall back thrusts also propagated outward from the crestal-collapse graben systems. The periclinal inversion anticlines exhibited two plunge culminations above the most concave sections of the main detachment surface. Extension above a 3-D convex-up, listric detachment surface produced a hanging-wall syncline together with a narrow, complex crestal-collapse graben system. In plan view, the axes of the hanging-wall syncline and the crestal-collapse graben formed parallel to the sinusoidal detachment breakaway. Inversion of this system produced a broad, thrust-fault-bounded anticline that shows along-strike plunge culminations. The main detachment surface was reactivated, and a moderately dipping thrust propagated upward through the syninversion strata. Segmented, hanging-wall back thrusts formed subparallel to the main detachment breakaway. Vertical and horizontal sections through the completed models were used to construct 3-D synoptic models for these inversion systems. The results of the analog experiments compare well with published examples of 3-D inversion structures from petroleum basins in the North Sea, Indonesia, and Argentina.