Global distribution of ciguatera causing dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus
Global distribution of ciguatera causing dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.05.017
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Tester, Patricia A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Litaker, R. Wayne;Vandersea, Mark W.;Tester, Patricia A.
冈比亚属的甲藻产生的毒素在热带和亚热带鱼类中生物积累，导致雪卡特拉鱼中毒(CFP)。关于冈比亚圆盘吸虫物种的多样性和分布，单个物种的毒性差异程度，以及每个物种在引起CFP中所起的作用，人们知之甚少。本文首次报道了银鱼的全球分布情况。对现有分离株的系统发育分析表明，有5种是大西洋特有的(包括加勒比/西印度群岛和墨西哥湾)，5种是热带太平洋特有的，2种是热带太平洋特有的。卡氏冈比亚和加勒比冈比亚分布于全球。大西洋和太平洋冈比亚鱼种组成的差异与大西洋和太平洋鱼类报告的雪卡毒素结构差异有关。这种相关性支持这样的假设，即每个地区的冈比亚鱼种产生不同的毒素套件。一项文献调查表明，由于生长条件的变化，不同物种之间的毒性差异是100倍，而物种内的差异是2到9倍。这些观察结果表明，CFP事件更多地是由物种毒性的内在差异驱动的，而不是环境调节。讨论了物种毒性的变化如何影响CFP早期预警系统的发展。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。
Dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus produce toxins that bioaccumulate in tropical and sub-tropical fishes causing ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). Little is known about the diversity and distribution of Gambierdiscus species, the degree to which individual species vary in toxicity, and the role each plays in causing CFP. This paper presents the first global distribution of Gambierdiscus species. Phylogenetic analyses of the existing isolates indicate that five species are endemic to the Atlantic (including the Caribbean/West Indies and Gulf of Mexico), five are endemic to the tropical Pacific, and that two species. Gambierdiscus carpenteri and Gambierdiscus caribaeus are globally distributed. The differences in Gambierdiscus species composition in the Atlantic and Pacific correlated with structural differences in the ciguatoxins reported from Atlantic and Pacific fish. This correlation supports the hypothesis that Gambierdiscus species in each region produce different toxin suites. A literature survey indicated a >100-fold variation in toxicity among species compared with a 2 to 9-fold within species variation due to changing growth conditions. These observations suggest that CFP events are driven more by inherent differences in species toxicity than by environmental modulation. How variations in species toxicity may affect the development of an early warning system for CFP is discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.