The Effects of ILeVO and VOTiVO on Root Penetration and Behavior of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines
The Effects of ILeVO and VOTiVO on Root Penetration and Behavior of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines
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DOI：
10.1094/pdis-02-18-0222-re
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Tylka, Gregory L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beeman, Augustine Q.;Njus, Zach L.;Tylka, Gregory L.
本研究的目的是确定ILeVO（氟吡菌酰胺）和VOTiVO（坚强芽孢杆菌I-1582）种子处理对大豆胞囊线虫第二阶段幼虫（J2）根穿透和行为的影响。在生长室实验中，用H.大豆J2 s在土壤深度为2.5，5，或7.5厘米。ILeVO显著降低H.大豆根穿透与未处理的对照相比，但只有当J2接种在土壤深度为2.5厘米，这是近种子。线虫行为的变化进行了评估，通过收集60秒的视频J2 S后2小时暴露于渗出物从处理过的种子或胚根从处理过的种子或从土壤沥滤液中处理过的种子种植。每小时记录13个参考点的X和y坐标，持续24 h。一个定制程序分析并将坐标转换为线虫运动参数（速度和曲率的总变化）。相对于未处理的对照，ILeVO而不是VOTiVO种子分泌物显著降低了J2速度。ILeVO或VOTiVO处理的土壤渗滤液对H.与未处理的对照相比，甘氨酸速度或曲率的总变化。在另一个实验中，将经处理或未经处理的种子在含有11.5%普朗尼克凝胶的6孔组织培养板的威尔斯孔中孵育。2小时后取出种子，然后将约50 μ s移液到每个孔中。每60分钟扫描平板24小时，使用另一个定制软件程序测定每个孔中移动最小距离>= 300 μ m的J2的数量。ILeVO而非VOTiVO相对于未添加种子的对照威尔斯孔显著降低了J2群体的移动。与无种子对照相比，有种子的威尔斯井，无论是否处理，产生的J2运动显著减少。这些实验的结果表明ILeVO降低了对H.大豆J2，但可能不会影响线虫超过有限的区域周围处理的种子。
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of ILeVO (fluopyram) and VOTiVO (Bacillus firmus I-1582) seed treatments on Heterodera glycines second-stage juvenile (J2) root penetration and behavior. In a growth chamber experiment, roots of soybeans grown from treated or untreated seeds were inoculated with H. glycines J2s at soil depths of 2.5, 5, or 7.5 cm. ILeVO significantly reduced H. glycines root penetration compared with the untreated control, but only when J2s were inoculated at a soil depth of 2.5 cm, which was near the seed. Changes in nematode behavior were assessed by collecting 60-s videos of J2s after 2 h of exposure to exudates from treated seeds or radicles from treated seeds or from soil leachates in which treated seeds were planted. X- and y-coordinates of each of the 13 reference points were recorded every hour for 24 h. A custom program analyzed and transformed the coordinates into nematode motion parameters (speed and total change in curvature). ILeVO, but not VOTiVO, seed exudates significantly reduced J2 speed relative to the untreated control. Soil leachates from ILeVO or VOTiVO treatments had no consistent effect on H. glycines speed or total change in curvature compared with the untreated control. In another experiment, treated or untreated seeds were incubated in wells of 6-well tissue culture plates containing 11.5% Pluronic gel. Seeds were removed after 2 h, and approximately 50 J2s then were pipetted into each well. The plates were scanned every 60 min for 24 h, and the number of J2s in each well that moved a minimum distance of >= 300 mu m was determined using another custom software program. ILeVO, but not VOTiVO, significantly reduced the movement of J2 populations relative to control wells in which no seeds were added. And wells that had seeds, treated or not, yielded significantly less J2 movement compared with the no-seed control. The results of these experiments indicate that ILeVO reduces activity on H. glycines J2s but may not affect nematodes beyond a limited area surrounding the treated seed.