Evolution of CRISPR RNA recognition and processing by Cas6 endonucleases.

Evolution of CRISPR RNA recognition and processing by Cas6 endonucleases.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkt922
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发表时间:
2014-01
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Doudna JA
Doudna JA
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Niewoehner O;Jinek M;Doudna JA

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在许多细菌和古细菌中,来自成簇的规则间隔短回文重复序列(CRISPR)的小RNA与CRISPR相关(Cas)蛋白结合,以靶向外源DNA进行破坏。在I型和III型CRISPR/Cas系统中,内切核糖核酸酶的Cas 6家族通过前体转录物中重复序列的位点特异性切割产生功能性CRISPR衍生的RNA。CRISPR重复序列在序列和结构上差异很大,在切割位点前形成发夹折叠的倾向不同。为了研究Cas 6酶识别不同CRISPR重复序列的不同机制的演变,我们确定了两种嗜热栖热菌Cas 6酶单独以及与底物和产物RNA结合的晶体结构。这些结构显示了所有Cas 6核酸内切酶共同的支架如何进化出具有不同RNA识别模式的两个结合位点:一个特异于发夹折叠,另一个特异于发夹前的单链5′末端片段。这些发现解释了不同的Cas 6酶如何在不同的CRISPR系统中介导高度选择性的前CRISPR衍生RNA加工。
In many bacteria and archaea, small RNAs derived from clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) associate with CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins to target foreign DNA for destruction. In Type I and III CRISPR/Cas systems, the Cas6 family of endoribonucleases generates functional CRISPR-derived RNAs by site-specific cleavage of repeat sequences in precursor transcripts. CRISPR repeats differ widely in both sequence and structure, with varying propensity to form hairpin folds immediately preceding the cleavage site. To investigate the evolution of distinct mechanisms for the recognition of diverse CRISPR repeats by Cas6 enzymes, we determined crystal structures of two Thermus thermophilus Cas6 enzymes both alone and bound to substrate and product RNAs. These structures show how the scaffold common to all Cas6 endonucleases has evolved two binding sites with distinct modes of RNA recognition: one specific for a hairpin fold and the other for a single-stranded 5′-terminal segment preceding the hairpin. These findings explain how divergent Cas6 enzymes have emerged to mediate highly selective pre-CRISPR-derived RNA processing across diverse CRISPR systems.
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