Selective deficit in spatial location memory in extremely low birth weight children at age six: The PETIT Study
Selective deficit in spatial location memory in extremely low birth weight children at age six: The PETIT Study
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DOI：
10.1080/09297049.2011.613815
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Litman, Fern R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baron, Ida Sue;Brandt, Jason;Litman, Fern R.
由于缺乏适合发展的测试，幼儿的空间定位记忆很少被评估。本研究旨在比较极低出生体重（ELBW; < 1000 g）和小于33孕周（GW）的儿童与足月出生的学龄前儿童的非语言学习和记忆，使用最近开发和适应的测试。我们对210名6岁的儿童进行了霍普金斯饮食法的修改；84人出生在低出生体重（35人出生在26gw以下，49人出生在26- 33gw）， 126人出生在足月出生。获得了六种测量方法：命名、试验到标准、错误到标准、延迟项目回忆、延迟地点回忆和保留率。年龄校正后，低出生婴儿的一般认知、物品命名、延迟物品回忆、延迟地点回忆和保留率均低于足月出生儿童。经一般认知矫正后，ELBW儿童延迟项目回忆和百分比保留的表现仍较差。低体重组（< 26 GW和26-33 GW）在以实足年龄为协变量的命名和延迟项目回忆方面比足月出生儿童表现差。那些出生在26gw之前，而不是26gw - 33gw的孩子，在延迟位置回忆和百分比记忆方面比足月出生的孩子表现得更差。在控制性别、母亲教育程度和分娩方式后，差异仍然显著。从最后的学习试验到延迟的位置回忆，三组的表现都有所下降，小于26gw的下降幅度比足月出生的孩子更大。极端早产（< 26 GW）和低体重是空间定位记忆缺陷的重要危险因素。修改后的霍普金斯委员会在学龄早期对高危早产和足月儿童进行了区分，这似乎是一种有用的测试，可以衡量这种很少被研究的认知能力。
Spatial location memory has rarely been assessed in young children due to a scarcity of developmentally appropriate tests. This study sought to compare nonverbal learning and recall in children born extremely low birth weight (ELBW; < 1000 g) and less than 33 gestational weeks (GW) with term-born children at early school age using a recently developed and adapted test. We administered a modification of the Hopkins Board to 210 children at age six; 84 born ELBW (35 born < 26 GW; 49 born 26-33 GW) and 126 term-born. Six measures were obtained: naming, trials-to-criterion, errors-to-criterion, delayed item recall, delayed location recall, and percent retention. After age correction, ELBW children had worse general cognition, item naming, delayed item recall, delayed location recall, and percent retention than term-born children. Delayed item recall and percent retention performances of ELBW children remained worse after correction for general cognition. ELBW groups (< 26 GW and 26-33 GW) groups performed worse than term-born children in naming and delayed item recall with chronological age as covariate. Those born before 26 GW, but not 26-33 GW, performed worse than term-born children in delayed location recall and percent retention. Differences remained significant after controlling for gender, maternal education, and delivery type. All three groups' performance declined from final learning trial to delayed location recall, with a decline greater for less than 26 GW than term-born children. Extreme prematurity (< 26 GW) and ELBW are significant risk factors for spatial location memory deficit. The modified Hopkins Board discriminated high-risk preterm and term-born children at early school age and appears to be a useful test to measure this rarely studied cognitive capacity.