DAILY COMPANIONSHIP IN LATE CHILDHOOD AND EARLY ADOLESCENCE - CHANGING DEVELOPMENTAL CONTEXTS
DAILY COMPANIONSHIP IN LATE CHILDHOOD AND EARLY ADOLESCENCE - CHANGING DEVELOPMENTAL CONTEXTS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01531.x
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发表时间：
1991-04-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
RICHARDS, MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LARSON, R;RICHARDS, MH
该研究采用时间抽样数据来检查儿童和青少年与家人，朋友和独自一人的日常体验的数量和质量的年龄差异。参与者（9-15岁）携带电子寻呼机1周，并在寻呼机发出信号时随机报告他们的陪伴，位置和影响。调查结果显示，与家人在一起的时间急剧减少，年龄较大的学生报告与家人在一起的时间是年龄较小的学生的一半。在男孩中，这种家庭时间被独处时间所取代;在女孩中，独处时间和与朋友在一起的时间。在五年级和七年级之间，与家人在一起时的情感报告变得不那么积极，但在九年级男孩中再次变得更加积极。在这个年龄段，与朋友的情感变得更加有利;独自一人的情感没有变化。这些年龄差异表明青少年日常认知成长、情感发展和社会支持的机会发生了变化。
The study employs time‐sampling data to examine age differences in the quantity and quality of children's and young adolescents daily experience with their families, friends, and alone. Participants (ages 9–15) carried electronic pagers for 1 week and reported their companionship, location, and affect at random times when signaled by the pagers. Findings show a dramatic decline in amount of time spent with family, with older students reporting half as much time with their families as younger students. Among boys, this family time was replaced by time spent alone; among girls, by time alone and with friends. Affect reported when with family became less positive between the fifth and seventh grade, but was more positive again in the ninth grade for boys. Affect with friends became more favorable across this age period; affect when alone did not vary. These age differences suggest changes in adolescents' daily opportunities for cognitive growth, emotional development, and social support.