Autoimmune therapies targeting costimulation and emerging trends in multivalent therapeutics.
Autoimmune therapies targeting costimulation and emerging trends in multivalent therapeutics.
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DOI：
10.4155/tde.11.60
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Berkland C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chittasupho C;Siahaan TJ;Vines CM;Berkland C
参与免疫信号传导的蛋白质已成为控制免疫反应的重要靶点。大量调节免疫反应信号通路的受体 - 配体对已被确定。在免疫信号传导的复杂环境中，针对细胞信号传导介质的治疗剂往往要么激活炎症性免疫反应，要么诱导免疫耐受。本综述主要关注通过靶向调节共刺激或介导免疫细胞黏附的膜结合蛋白来抑制炎症性免疫反应的治疗方法。这些信号中的许多都参与更大的、有组织的结构，比如免疫突触。受体的聚集以及排列成有组织的结构也在本综述中有所涉及，并且提出了暗示多价治疗剂潜在作用的新兴趋势。
Proteins participating in immunological signaling have emerged as important targets for controlling the immune response. A multitude of receptor–ligand pairs that regulate signaling pathways of the immune response have been identified. In the complex milieu of immune signaling, therapeutic agents targeting mediators of cellular signaling often either activate an inflammatory immune response or induce tolerance. This review is primarily focused on therapeutics that inhibit the inflammatory immune response by targeting membrane-bound proteins regulating costimulation or mediating immune-cell adhesion. Many of these signals participate in larger, organized structures such as the immunological synapse. Receptor clustering and arrangement into organized structures is also reviewed and emerging trends implicating a potential role for multivalent therapeutics is posited.