Handling missing extremes in tail estimation

Handling missing extremes in tail estimation
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处理尾部估计中缺失的极值

DOI:
10.1007/s10687-021-00429-z
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
1.3
通讯作者:
Samorodnitsky, Gennady
Samorodnitsky, Gennady
中科院分区:
数学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xu, Hui;Davis, Richard;Samorodnitsky, Gennady

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在某些数据集中,可能会出现这样的情况,即部分极端观测数据缺失。在无法获得极端观测数据或测量不精确的情况下,可能会出现这种情况。例如,考虑到人类寿命这一最近感兴趣的话题,百岁老人的出生证明可能甚至不存在,许多这样的人甚至可能不包括在目前可用的数据集中。从本质上讲,人们没有关于人类人口最大寿命的明确记录。如果缺少极端观察,则风险评估可能会被严重低估,从而导致罕见事件的发生频率比最初认为的更高。具体来说,这可能意味着一场500年的洪水实际上是一场100年(甚至20年)的洪水。在本文中,我们提出了估计缺失极值的数目的方法,以及与数据的尾部重量相关的尾部指数。忽视其中之一可能会严重影响风险的估计。我们的估计是基于尾部指数的HEWE(无极值的Hill估计),该指数对缺失极值进行了调整。基于该过程对极限过程的泛函收敛,我们考虑了一种基于渐近似然的方法来估计缺失极值的个数和尾部指数。我们得到了结果估计的渐近分布。通过人为地去除数据中的极端部分,该方法可用于评估强加在数据上的基本假设的可靠性。
In some data sets, it may be the case that a portion of the extreme observations is missing. This might arise in cases where the extreme observations are just not available or are imprecisely measured. For example, considering human lifetimes, a topic of recent interest, birth certificates of centenarians may not even exist and many such individuals may not even be included in the data sets that are currently available. In essence, one does not have a clear record of the largest lifetimes of human populations. If there are missing extreme observations, then the assessment of risk can be severely underestimated resulting in rare events occurring more often than originally thought. In concrete terms, this may mean a 500 year flood is in fact a 100 (or even a 20) year flood. In this paper, we present methods for estimating the number of missing extremes together with the tail index associated with tail heaviness of the data. Ignoring one or the other can severely impact the estimation of risk. Our estimates are based on the HEWE (Hill estimate without extremes) of the tail index that adjusts for missing extremes. Based on a functional convergence of this process to a limit process, we consider an asymptotic likelihood-based procedure for estimating both the number of missing extremes and the tail index. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the resulting estimates. By artificially removing segments of extremes in the data, this methodology can be used for assessing the reliability of the underlying assumptions that are imposed on the data.
DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
J. Einmahl;Amélie Fils;A. Guillou
通讯作者: A. Guillou
DOI: 10.1007/s10687-016-0247-3
发表时间: 2016-09-01
期刊: EXTREMES
影响因子: 1.3
作者:
Beirlant, Jan;Alves, Isabel Fraga;Gomes, Ivette
通讯作者: Gomes, Ivette
DOI: 10.1007/s10687-014-0189-6
发表时间: 2014
期刊: Extremes
影响因子: 1.3
作者:
J. Worms;R. Worms
通讯作者: R. Worms
DOI: 10.1002/nav.3800260307
发表时间: 1979
期刊: Naval Research Logistics Quarterly
影响因子: --
作者:
L. Weiss
通讯作者: L. Weiss
DOI: 10.1214/17-ejs1286
发表时间: 2017-01-01
影响因子: 1.1
作者:
Beirlant, Jan;Alves, Isabel Fraga;Reynkens, Tom
通讯作者: Reynkens, Tom