Japanese public opinion about suspect interviewing techniques
Japanese public opinion about suspect interviewing techniques
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日本公众对嫌疑人讯问技巧的看法
DOI：
10.1111/lcrp.12139
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Michael E. Lamb
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taeko Wachi;Michael E. Lamb
目的日本于2009年实施新的公民法官制度。此外，2016年公布的刑事诉讼法修订案规定，从2019年起，警方对公民法官审判的嫌疑人的询问必须进行记录。预见到日本刑事司法系统的这些变化，本研究调查了公众对所使用的各种嫌疑人访谈技巧的看法。方法共有 761 名符合陪审团资格的日本参与者完成了一项在线调查，其中包括有关五种嫌疑人访谈技巧的项目（证据展示、对抗、积极倾听、建立融洽关系和犯罪讨论）。参与者被要求评价这些技术的公平性，以及它们从有罪和无辜嫌疑人那里引出真实和虚假供词的可能性。结果参与者认为，积极倾听是五种访谈技术中最公平的，分别是最有可能和最不可能引出真实和虚假供词的。相比之下，他们认为对抗是最不公平的采访技巧，分别最不可能和最有可能引出真实和虚假的供词。参与者对访谈技巧的看法越公平，他们就越有可能相信这些技巧能够引出真实的口供。结论这些发现可能对日本法院关于用于引出口供作为证据的访谈技巧的决定产生重要影响。
PurposeThe new citizen judge system in Japan was implemented in 2009. Further, a revision to the Code of Criminal Procedures, announced in 2016, stipulated that, from 2019, police interviews of suspects tried by citizen judges had to be recorded. Anticipating these changes to the criminal justice system in Japan, this study investigated public perceptions of the various suspect interviewing techniques in use.MethodsA total of 761 jury‐eligible Japanese participants completed an online survey that included items about five suspect interviewing techniques (Presentation of Evidence,Confrontation,Active Listening,Rapport Building, andDiscussion of the Crime). The participants were asked to rate the fairness of these techniques and the likelihood that they would elicit true and false confessions from guilty and innocent suspects.ResultsParticipants believed thatActive Listeningwas the fairest of the five interviewing techniques, most and least likely to elicit true and false confessions, respectively. Contrastingly, they viewedConfrontationas the most unfair interviewing technique, least and most likely to elicit true and false confessions, respectively. The fairer the participants perceived the interviewing techniques, the more likely they were to believe these techniques would elicit true confessions.ConclusionsThese findings could have important implications for decisions regarding the interviewing techniques used to elicit confessions admitted as evidence in Japanese courts.