Effect of punishment on human variable-interval performance.
Effect of punishment on human variable-interval performance.
复制标题
惩罚对人类可变间隔表现的影响。
DOI：
10.1901/jeab.1977.27-275
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发表时间：
1977
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
P. Bevan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Bradshaw;E. Szabadi;P. Bevan
三名女性受试者按下一个按钮，在一系列可变间隔时间表中进行货币强化，指定不同的强化频率。每隔一天，根据可变比率34的时间表，回应也会受到惩罚（通过减去金钱）。在没有惩罚的情况下，反应率是强化频率的负加速递增函数，反应率与强化频率的关系符合Herrnstein方程。惩罚时间表的效果是抑制所有强化频率的反应。这反映在Herrnstein方程中两个常数的值的变化中：理论最大响应率参数的值减小，而描述对应于半最大响应率的强化频率的参数增加。
Three female human subjects pressed a button for monetary reinforcement in a range of variable-interval schedules specifying different frequencies of reinforcement. On alternate days, responding was also punished (by subtracting money) according to a variable-ratio 34 schedule. In the absence of punishment, rate of responding was an increasing negatively accelerated function of reinforcement frequency; the relationship between response rate and reinforcement frequency conformed to Herrnstein's equation. The effect of the punishment schedule was to suppress responding at all frequencies of reinforcement. This was reflected in a change in the values of both constants in Herrnstein's equation: the value of the theoretical maximum response-rate parameter was reduced, while the parameter describing the reinforcement frequency corresponding to the half-maximal response rate was increased.