Mice in a labyrinth show rapid learning, sudden insight, and efficient exploration.
Mice in a labyrinth show rapid learning, sudden insight, and efficient exploration.
复制标题
DOI：
10.7554/elife.66175
复制
发表时间：
2021-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Meister M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosenberg M;Zhang T;Perona P;Meister M
动物学习某些复杂任务的速度非常快，有时是在一次经历之后。什么行为算法支持这种效率？许多基于双选项强迫选择（2AFC）任务的当代研究只观察到缓慢或不完全的学习。作为替代方案，我们研究了小鼠在复杂迷宫中的不受约束行为，并测量了学习的动态和使其成为可能的行为。迷宫中的老鼠每小时要做出2000次左右的导航决定。动物探索迷宫，迅速发现奖励的位置，并在10次奖励经历后执行正确的10位选择-学习率比2AFC实验高1000倍。许多老鼠在一分钟到另一分钟之间断断续续地改善，这表明它们突然洞察了迷宫的结构。潜在的搜索算法不需要访问地点的全局记忆，并且在很大程度上由纯粹的局部转弯规则来解释。
Animals learn certain complex tasks remarkably fast, sometimes after a single experience. What behavioral algorithms support this efficiency? Many contemporary studies based on two-alternative-forced-choice (2AFC) tasks observe only slow or incomplete learning. As an alternative, we study the unconstrained behavior of mice in a complex labyrinth and measure the dynamics of learning and the behaviors that enable it. A mouse in the labyrinth makes ~2000 navigation decisions per hour. The animal explores the maze, quickly discovers the location of a reward, and executes correct 10-bit choices after only 10 reward experiences — a learning rate 1000-fold higher than in 2AFC experiments. Many mice improve discontinuously from one minute to the next, suggesting moments of sudden insight about the structure of the labyrinth. The underlying search algorithm does not require a global memory of places visited and is largely explained by purely local turning rules.